Classify streaming rate-limit errors (#40931)

## What changed

- Classify `response.failed` events with the `rate_limit_exceeded` code as a distinct retryable error while preserving any parsed retry delay.
- Expose the error as `rateLimitExceeded` through the core protocol and app-server schemas after stream retries are exhausted.
- Preserve the upstream message for TUI display while keeping it out of telemetry summaries.

## Testing

- Cover SSE classification, retry metadata, protocol conversion and serialization, exhausted stream retries, telemetry redaction, and TUI rendering.

GitOrigin-RevId: 02dab4d3477dcd7653a58c49c4bd38687a616579

codex-rs/core/tests/suite/retry_after.rs

@@ -587,14 +587,17 @@ async fn compact_v2_stream_failure_without_retry_after_exhausts_stream_retries()
         match wait_for_event(&test.codex, |_| true).await {
             EventMsg::Error(error) => {
                 error_events += 1;
-                assert_eq!(error.codex_error_info, Some(CodexErrorInfo::Other));
+                assert_eq!(
+                    error.codex_error_info,
+                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::RateLimitExceeded)
+                );
                 assert!(error.message.contains("Rate limit exceeded."));
             }
             EventMsg::StreamError(_) => stream_error_events += 1,
             EventMsg::TurnComplete(event) => {
                 assert_eq!(
                     event.error.and_then(|error| error.codex_error_info),
-                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::Other)
+                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::RateLimitExceeded)
                 );
                 break;
             }
@@ -1001,14 +1004,17 @@ async fn sse_failure_without_retry_after_exhausts_stream_retries() -> Result<()>
         match wait_for_event(&test.codex, |_| true).await {
             EventMsg::Error(error) => {
                 error_events += 1;
-                assert_eq!(error.codex_error_info, Some(CodexErrorInfo::Other));
+                assert_eq!(
+                    error.codex_error_info,
+                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::RateLimitExceeded)
+                );
                 assert!(error.message.contains("Rate limit exceeded."));
             }
             EventMsg::StreamError(_) => stream_error_events += 1,
             EventMsg::TurnComplete(event) => {
                 assert_eq!(
                     event.error.and_then(|error| error.codex_error_info),
-                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::Other)
+                    Some(CodexErrorInfo::RateLimitExceeded)
                 );
                 break;
             }