diff --git a/src/components/grid/DataGrid.vue b/src/components/grid/DataGrid.vue
index da9aebf00c..f27da448a4 100644
--- a/src/components/grid/DataGrid.vue
+++ b/src/components/grid/DataGrid.vue
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import {
   Link2,
   ListTree,
   TableProperties,
+  LockKeyhole,
 } from "lucide-vue-next";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import {
@@ -110,6 +111,8 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   connectionId?: string;
   database?: string;
   context?: "results" | "table-data";
+  sourceColumns?: Array<string | undefined>;
+  queryEditabilityReason?: string;
   initialWhereInput?: string;
   tableMeta?: {
     schema?: string;
@@ -949,6 +952,16 @@ const pageSize = ref(settingsStore.editorSettings.pageSize);
 const currentPage = ref(1);
 const isFullPage = computed(() => props.result.rows.length >= pageSize.value);
 const isResultsContext = computed(() => props.context === "results");
+const resultEditStatus = computed(() => {
+  if (!isResultsContext.value || !hasData.value) return null;
+  if (props.editable && props.tableMeta) return "editable";
+  if (props.queryEditabilityReason) return "readonly";
+  return null;
+});
+const queryEditabilityHint = computed(() => {
+  const reason = props.queryEditabilityReason;
+  return reason ? t(`grid.queryEditUnsupported.${reason}`) : "";
+});
 const canUseWhereSearch = computed(() => !!props.tableMeta && !!props.onExecuteSql && !isResultsContext.value);
 const tableUsesSyntheticRowId = computed(() =>
   usesSyntheticRowIdKey(props.databaseType, props.tableMeta?.primaryKeys ?? []),
@@ -1079,6 +1092,7 @@ const editor = useDataGridEditor({
   connectionId: computed(() => props.connectionId),
   database: computed(() => props.database),
   tableMeta: computed(() => props.tableMeta),
+  sourceColumns: computed(() => props.sourceColumns),
   canEditExistingRows,
   onExecuteSql: computed(() => props.onExecuteSql),
   customSave: computed(() => props.customSave),
@@ -1127,6 +1141,7 @@ const {
   discardChanges,
   rowDataWithChanges,
   coerceCellValue,
+  canEditColumn,
   resetGridVerticalScroll,
   getResetScrollAfterResult,
   clearResetScrollAfterResult,
@@ -1137,6 +1152,10 @@ function canEditRowItem(item: RowItem | undefined): boolean {
   return !!props.editable && !!item && !item.isDeleted && (item.isNew || canEditExistingRows.value);
 }
 
+function canEditCellItem(item: RowItem | undefined, columnIndex: number): boolean {
+  return canEditRowItem(item) && canEditColumn(columnIndex);
+}
+
 function canDeleteRowItem(item: RowItem | undefined): boolean {
   return !!props.editable && !!item && !item.isDeleted && (item.isNew || canEditExistingRows.value);
 }
@@ -1447,7 +1466,7 @@ const activeCellDetail = computed(() => {
     displayValue,
     length: value === null ? 0 : String(value).length,
     formattedJson,
-    isEditable: canEditRowItem(item),
+    isEditable: canEditCellItem(item, cell.col),
   };
 });
 
@@ -2344,6 +2363,31 @@ defineExpose({
             <slot name="search-bar" />
 
             <div class="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 px-1 ml-auto">
+              <Tooltip v-if="resultEditStatus === 'editable'">
+                <TooltipTrigger as-child>
+                  <div
+                    class="flex h-5 items-center gap-1 rounded border border-emerald-500/30 bg-emerald-500/10 px-1.5 text-xs font-medium text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300"
+                  >
+                    {{ t("grid.queryEditReady") }}
+                  </div>
+                </TooltipTrigger>
+                <TooltipContent side="bottom" class="max-w-sm">
+                  {{ t("grid.queryEditReadyHint", { table: tableMeta?.tableName }) }}
+                </TooltipContent>
+              </Tooltip>
+              <Tooltip v-else-if="resultEditStatus === 'readonly' && queryEditabilityHint">
+                <TooltipTrigger as-child>
+                  <div
+                    class="flex h-5 items-center gap-1 rounded border border-border bg-background px-1.5 text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground"
+                  >
+                    <LockKeyhole class="h-3 w-3" />
+                    {{ t("grid.queryEditReadOnly") }}
+                  </div>
+                </TooltipTrigger>
+                <TooltipContent side="bottom" class="max-w-sm">
+                  {{ queryEditabilityHint }}
+                </TooltipContent>
+              </Tooltip>
               <Button
                 variant="ghost"
                 size="sm"
@@ -2933,12 +2977,12 @@ defineExpose({
                           actualColIdx,
                         ),
                         'tabular-nums': typeof item.data[actualColIdx] === 'number',
-                        'cursor-text hover:bg-accent/50': canEditRowItem(item),
+                        'cursor-text hover:bg-accent/50': canEditCellItem(item, actualColIdx),
                         'line-through': item.isDeleted,
                       }"
                       @mousedown="handleDataCellMousedown(index, visibleColIdx, item.id, $event)"
                       @mouseenter="extendCellSelection(index, visibleColIdx)"
-                      @dblclick="canEditRowItem(item) && startEdit(item.id, actualColIdx)"
+                      @dblclick="canEditCellItem(item, actualColIdx) && startEdit(item.id, actualColIdx)"
                       @contextmenu="onCellContext(item.id, index, actualColIdx, visibleColIdx)"
                     >
                       <template v-if="editingCell?.rowId === item.id && editingCell?.col === actualColIdx">
diff --git a/src/components/layout/ContentArea.vue b/src/components/layout/ContentArea.vue
index 40276928cd..c52a4d9381 100644
--- a/src/components/layout/ContentArea.vue
+++ b/src/components/layout/ContentArea.vue
@@ -298,6 +298,8 @@ defineExpose({ focusSearch });
                 :sql="activeTab.lastExecutedSql || activeTab.sql"
                 :loading="activeTab.isExecuting"
                 :editable="!!activeTab.queryAnalysis"
+                :source-columns="activeTab.querySourceColumns"
+                :query-editability-reason="activeTab.queryEditabilityReason"
                 context="results"
                 :database-type="activeConnection?.db_type"
                 :connection-id="activeTab.connectionId"
diff --git a/src/composables/useDataGridEditor.ts b/src/composables/useDataGridEditor.ts
index c467fe21a1..a39084cdc3 100644
--- a/src/composables/useDataGridEditor.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useDataGridEditor.ts
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ export interface UseDataGridEditorOptions {
       }
     | undefined
   >;
+  sourceColumns?: ComputedRef<Array<string | undefined> | undefined>;
   canEditExistingRows?: ComputedRef<boolean>;
   onExecuteSql: ComputedRef<((sql: string) => Promise<void>) | undefined>;
   customSave?: ComputedRef<
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
     connectionId,
     database,
     tableMeta,
+    sourceColumns = computed(() => undefined),
     canEditExistingRows = computed(() => true),
     onExecuteSql,
     customSave,
@@ -241,6 +243,11 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
     return value;
   }
 
+  function canEditColumn(columnIndex: number): boolean {
+    const sources = sourceColumns.value;
+    return !sources || sources[columnIndex] !== undefined;
+  }
+
   // --- Row data helpers ---
   function rowDataWithChanges(row: CellValue[], sourceIndex: number): CellValue[] {
     const dirty = dirtyRows.value.get(sourceIndex);
@@ -250,6 +257,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
   // --- Inline editing ---
   function startEdit(rowId: number, colIdx: number) {
     if (!editable.value) return;
+    if (!canEditColumn(colIdx)) return;
     const item = getRowItem(rowId);
     if (!item || item.isDeleted) return;
     if (!item.isNew && !canEditExistingRows.value) return;
@@ -310,6 +318,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
   }
 
   function applyCellValue(rowId: number, col: number, value: string | null) {
+    if (!canEditColumn(col)) return;
     const item = getRowItem(rowId);
     if (!item || item.isDeleted) return;
 
@@ -491,6 +500,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
       databaseType: databaseType.value,
       tableMeta: tableMeta.value,
       columns: result.value.columns,
+      sourceColumns: sourceColumns.value,
       rows: result.value.rows,
       dirtyRows: [...dirtyRows.value.entries()].map(
         ([rowIndex, changes]) => [rowIndex, [...changes.entries()]] as [number, Array<[number, CellValue]>],
@@ -579,6 +589,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
           databaseType: databaseType.value,
           tableMeta: tableMeta.value,
           columns: stmtOptions.columns,
+          sourceColumns: stmtOptions.sourceColumns,
           rows: stmtOptions.rows,
           columnInfo: tableMeta.value?.columns,
           dirtyRows: stmtOptions.dirtyRows,
@@ -708,6 +719,7 @@ export function useDataGridEditor(options: UseDataGridEditorOptions) {
     discardChanges,
     rowDataWithChanges,
     coerceCellValue,
+    canEditColumn,
     resetGridVerticalScroll,
     getResetScrollAfterResult,
     clearResetScrollAfterResult,
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en.ts b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
index c80eeae848..64e6a55d6c 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
@@ -359,6 +359,25 @@ export default {
     commit: "Commit",
     rollback: "Rollback",
     transactionActive: "Editing",
+    queryEditReady: "Editable",
+    queryEditReadyHint:
+      "This single-table result comes from “{table}”. You can edit, delete, or add rows, then commit to save.",
+    queryEditReadOnly: "Read-only result",
+    queryEditUnsupported: {
+      "not-select": "Only SELECT query results can be edited directly.",
+      cte: "Queries with WITH/CTE are not editable yet. Use a simple single-table SELECT.",
+      "set-operation": "UNION, INTERSECT, or EXCEPT results cannot be mapped safely back to source rows.",
+      aggregation: "DISTINCT, GROUP BY, HAVING, and aggregate results cannot be edited directly.",
+      "complex-source": "JOINs, multiple tables, and subqueries cannot be mapped safely to one source row.",
+      "computed-columns":
+        "Computed expressions or function results cannot be written back. Select raw column names instead.",
+      "no-table": "No editable source table was detected.",
+      "no-primary-key": "The target table has no primary key, so rows cannot be updated or deleted safely.",
+      "primary-key-not-returned":
+        "The result is missing the raw primary key column. Include it by its original column name.",
+      "aliased-columns": "Result columns use aliases or expressions. Select editable columns by their original names.",
+      "metadata-unavailable": "DBX could not load table metadata, so result editing is disabled.",
+    },
     sortUnsupported: "This SQL does not support full-result sorting. Try again with a single SELECT query.",
     truncatedHint: "Results truncated to 10,000 rows. Use LIMIT/OFFSET in your query to paginate.",
   },
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
index 85052b3171..bc322e3d70 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
@@ -356,6 +356,22 @@ export default {
     commit: "提交",
     rollback: "回滚",
     transactionActive: "编辑中",
+    queryEditReady: "可编辑",
+    queryEditReadyHint: "这是来自“{table}”的单表结果，可直接修改、删除或新增行，最后点击提交保存。",
+    queryEditReadOnly: "只读结果",
+    queryEditUnsupported: {
+      "not-select": "只有 SELECT 查询结果可以直接编辑。",
+      cte: "包含 WITH/CTE 的查询暂不支持直接回写。请改为简单单表 SELECT。",
+      "set-operation": "包含 UNION、INTERSECT 或 EXCEPT 的结果无法安全定位原表行。",
+      aggregation: "包含 DISTINCT、GROUP BY、HAVING 或聚合结果，无法直接编辑原始数据。",
+      "complex-source": "包含 JOIN、多个表或子查询的结果无法安全定位单个原表行。",
+      "computed-columns": "结果列包含表达式或函数，无法安全回写。请查询原始列名。",
+      "no-table": "未识别到可编辑的数据表。",
+      "no-primary-key": "目标表没有主键，无法安全定位要更新或删除的行。",
+      "primary-key-not-returned": "结果中缺少原始主键列。请把主键列按原列名一起查询出来。",
+      "aliased-columns": "结果列使用了别名或表达式。请使用原始列名查询需要编辑的列。",
+      "metadata-unavailable": "无法读取目标表元数据，暂不能启用结果编辑。",
+    },
     sortUnsupported: "当前 SQL 不支持全量排序，请改为单条 SELECT 查询后再尝试。",
     truncatedHint: "结果已截断，仅显示前 10,000 行。如需更多数据，请使用 LIMIT/OFFSET 分页查询。",
   },
diff --git a/src/lib/dataGridSql.ts b/src/lib/dataGridSql.ts
index e24c776649..23958ec812 100644
--- a/src/lib/dataGridSql.ts
+++ b/src/lib/dataGridSql.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ export interface DataGridSaveStatementOptions {
   databaseType?: DatabaseType;
   tableMeta: DataGridTableMeta;
   columns: string[];
+  sourceColumns?: Array<string | undefined>;
   rows: GridCellValue[][];
   dirtyRows: Array<[number, Array<[number, GridCellValue]>]>;
   deletedRows: number[];
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ export interface DataGridSaveValidationOptions {
   databaseType?: DatabaseType;
   tableMeta?: DataGridTableMeta;
   columns: string[];
+  sourceColumns?: Array<string | undefined>;
   rows?: GridCellValue[][];
   columnInfo?: DataGridColumnInfo[];
   dirtyRows: Array<[number, Array<[number, GridCellValue]>]>;
@@ -56,17 +58,20 @@ export function validateDataGridSave(options: DataGridSaveValidationOptions): st
 
   for (const [, changes] of options.dirtyRows) {
     for (const [columnIndex, value] of changes) {
-      const column = options.columns[columnIndex];
-      if (isNullWriteToNotNullColumn(options.databaseType, notNullColumns, column, value)) {
-        return nullWriteError(column);
+      const sourceColumn = effectiveColumn(options.sourceColumns, options.columns, columnIndex);
+      if (!sourceColumn) continue;
+      if (isNullWriteToNotNullColumn(options.databaseType, notNullColumns, sourceColumn, value)) {
+        return nullWriteError(sourceColumn);
       }
     }
   }
 
   for (const row of options.newRows) {
-    for (const [columnIndex, column] of options.columns.entries()) {
-      if (isNullWriteToNotNullColumn(options.databaseType, notNullColumns, column, row[columnIndex])) {
-        return nullWriteError(column);
+    for (const columnIndex of options.columns.keys()) {
+      const sourceColumn = effectiveColumn(options.sourceColumns, options.columns, columnIndex);
+      if (!sourceColumn) continue;
+      if (isNullWriteToNotNullColumn(options.databaseType, notNullColumns, sourceColumn, row[columnIndex])) {
+        return nullWriteError(sourceColumn);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -78,7 +83,8 @@ function validateInsertedPrimaryKeys(options: DataGridSaveValidationOptions): st
   const primaryKeys = options.tableMeta?.primaryKeys ?? [];
   if (primaryKeys.length === 0 || options.newRows.length === 0) return undefined;
 
-  const primaryKeyIndexes = primaryKeys.map((primaryKey) => findColumnIndex(options.columns, primaryKey));
+  const saveColumns = effectiveColumns(options.sourceColumns, options.columns);
+  const primaryKeyIndexes = primaryKeys.map((primaryKey) => findColumnIndex(saveColumns, primaryKey));
   if (primaryKeyIndexes.some((index) => index === -1)) return undefined;
 
   const existingKeys = new Set<string>();
@@ -102,6 +108,7 @@ function validateInsertedPrimaryKeys(options: DataGridSaveValidationOptions): st
 
 export function buildDataGridSaveStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOptions): string[] {
   if (options.databaseType === "neo4j") return buildNeo4jDataGridSaveStatements(options);
+  const saveColumns = effectiveColumns(options.sourceColumns, options.columns);
 
   const table = qualifiedTableName({
     databaseType: options.databaseType,
@@ -114,27 +121,29 @@ export function buildDataGridSaveStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOption
     const row = options.rows[rowIndex];
     if (!row) continue;
     const sets = changes
-      .filter(([columnIndex]) => !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, options.columns[columnIndex]))
+      .filter(([columnIndex]) => !!saveColumns[columnIndex])
+      .filter(([columnIndex]) => !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, saveColumns[columnIndex]))
       .map(
         ([columnIndex, value]) =>
-          `${quoteIdent(options.databaseType, options.columns[columnIndex])} = ${formatGridSqlLiteral(value, options.databaseType)}`,
+          `${quoteIdent(options.databaseType, saveColumns[columnIndex]!)} = ${formatGridSqlLiteral(value, options.databaseType)}`,
       )
       .join(", ");
     if (!sets) continue;
-    const where = buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, options.columns, row);
+    const where = buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, saveColumns, row);
     statements.push(`UPDATE ${table} SET ${sets} WHERE ${where};`);
   }
 
   for (const rowIndex of options.deletedRows) {
     const row = options.rows[rowIndex];
     if (!row) continue;
-    const where = buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, options.columns, row);
+    const where = buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, saveColumns, row);
     statements.push(`DELETE FROM ${table} WHERE ${where};`);
   }
 
   for (const row of options.newRows) {
-    const insertPairs = options.columns
+    const insertPairs = saveColumns
       .map((column, index) => ({ column, value: row[index] }))
+      .filter((pair): pair is { column: string; value: GridCellValue } => !!pair.column)
       .filter((pair) => !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, pair.column))
       .filter((pair) => pair.value !== null && pair.value !== undefined);
     if (!insertPairs.length) continue;
@@ -148,6 +157,7 @@ export function buildDataGridSaveStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOption
 
 export function buildDataGridRollbackStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOptions): string[] {
   if (options.databaseType === "neo4j") return buildNeo4jDataGridRollbackStatements(options);
+  const saveColumns = effectiveColumns(options.sourceColumns, options.columns);
 
   const table = qualifiedTableName({
     databaseType: options.databaseType,
@@ -157,15 +167,16 @@ export function buildDataGridRollbackStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOp
   const statements: string[] = [];
 
   for (const row of options.newRows) {
-    const where = buildRowWhere(options.databaseType, options.columns, row);
+    const where = buildRowWhere(options.databaseType, saveColumns, row);
     if (where) statements.push(`DELETE FROM ${table} WHERE ${where};`);
   }
 
   for (const rowIndex of options.deletedRows) {
     const row = options.rows[rowIndex];
     if (!row) continue;
-    const insertPairs = options.columns
+    const insertPairs = saveColumns
       .map((column, index) => ({ column, value: row[index] }))
+      .filter((pair): pair is { column: string; value: GridCellValue } => !!pair.column)
       .filter((pair) => !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, pair.column));
     const columns = insertPairs.map((pair) => quoteIdent(options.databaseType, pair.column)).join(", ");
     const values = insertPairs.map((pair) => formatGridSqlLiteral(pair.value, options.databaseType)).join(", ");
@@ -180,19 +191,19 @@ export function buildDataGridRollbackStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOp
       afterRow[columnIndex] = value;
     }
     const writableChanges = changes.filter(
-      ([columnIndex]) => !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, options.columns[columnIndex]),
+      ([columnIndex]) => !!saveColumns[columnIndex] && !isOracleRowId(options.databaseType, saveColumns[columnIndex]),
     );
     const sets = writableChanges
       .map(
         ([columnIndex]) =>
-          `${quoteIdent(options.databaseType, options.columns[columnIndex])} = ${formatGridSqlLiteral(row[columnIndex], options.databaseType)}`,
+          `${quoteIdent(options.databaseType, saveColumns[columnIndex]!)} = ${formatGridSqlLiteral(row[columnIndex], options.databaseType)}`,
       )
       .join(", ");
     if (!sets) continue;
     const where = [
-      buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, options.columns, afterRow),
+      buildPrimaryKeyWhere(options.databaseType, options.tableMeta.primaryKeys, saveColumns, afterRow),
       ...writableChanges.map(([columnIndex, value]) =>
-        buildColumnPredicate(options.databaseType, options.columns[columnIndex], value),
+        buildColumnPredicate(options.databaseType, saveColumns[columnIndex]!, value),
       ),
     ]
       .filter(Boolean)
@@ -203,6 +214,22 @@ export function buildDataGridRollbackStatements(options: DataGridSaveStatementOp
   return statements;
 }
 
+function effectiveColumns(
+  sourceColumns: Array<string | undefined> | undefined,
+  columns: string[],
+): Array<string | undefined> {
+  if (!sourceColumns || sourceColumns.length !== columns.length) return columns;
+  return sourceColumns;
+}
+
+function effectiveColumn(
+  sourceColumns: Array<string | undefined> | undefined,
+  columns: string[],
+  index: number,
+): string | undefined {
+  return effectiveColumns(sourceColumns, columns)[index];
+}
+
 export function dataGridSaveExecutionSchema(
   databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined,
   tableMeta: DataGridTableMeta | undefined,
@@ -233,7 +260,7 @@ export function formatGridSqlLiteral(value: GridCellValue, databaseType?: Databa
 function buildPrimaryKeyWhere(
   databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined,
   primaryKeys: string[],
-  columns: string[],
+  columns: Array<string | undefined>,
   row: GridCellValue[],
 ): string {
   if (databaseType === "hive" && primaryKeys.length === 0) return buildRowWhere(databaseType, columns, row);
@@ -245,10 +272,14 @@ function buildPrimaryKeyWhere(
     .join(" AND ");
 }
 
-function buildRowWhere(databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined, columns: string[], row: GridCellValue[]): string {
+function buildRowWhere(
+  databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined,
+  columns: Array<string | undefined>,
+  row: GridCellValue[],
+): string {
   return columns
     .map((column, index) =>
-      isOracleRowId(databaseType, column) ? "" : buildColumnPredicate(databaseType, column, row[index]),
+      !column || isOracleRowId(databaseType, column) ? "" : buildColumnPredicate(databaseType, column, row[index]),
     )
     .filter(Boolean)
     .join(" AND ");
@@ -283,9 +314,9 @@ function isNullWriteToNotNullColumn(
   return value === null && notNullColumns.has(normalizeColumnName(column));
 }
 
-function findColumnIndex(columns: string[], target: string): number {
+function findColumnIndex(columns: Array<string | undefined>, target: string): number {
   const normalizedTarget = normalizeColumnName(target);
-  return columns.findIndex((column) => normalizeColumnName(column) === normalizedTarget);
+  return columns.findIndex((column) => (column ? normalizeColumnName(column) : "") === normalizedTarget);
 }
 
 function primaryKeyValueKey(primaryKeyIndexes: number[], row: GridCellValue[]): string | undefined {
diff --git a/src/lib/sqlAnalysis.ts b/src/lib/sqlAnalysis.ts
index db2b38e636..d27c784ce0 100644
--- a/src/lib/sqlAnalysis.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sqlAnalysis.ts
@@ -21,10 +21,34 @@ export function isBinaryType(dataType: string): boolean {
 export interface EditableQueryInfo {
   schema: string | undefined;
   tableName: string;
+  tableAlias?: string;
   selectStar: boolean;
-  columns: string[]; // empty array if SELECT *
+  columns: EditableQueryColumn[]; // empty array if SELECT *
 }
 
+export interface EditableQueryColumn {
+  sourceName?: string;
+  resultName: string;
+  expression: string;
+}
+
+export type QueryEditabilityReason =
+  | "not-select"
+  | "cte"
+  | "set-operation"
+  | "aggregation"
+  | "complex-source"
+  | "computed-columns"
+  | "no-table"
+  | "no-primary-key"
+  | "primary-key-not-returned"
+  | "aliased-columns"
+  | "metadata-unavailable";
+
+export type QueryEditability =
+  | { editable: true; analysis: EditableQueryInfo }
+  | { editable: false; reason: QueryEditabilityReason };
+
 /**
  * Parse a SELECT statement to determine if it's editable.
  * Only simple single-table SELECT queries are considered editable:
@@ -33,122 +57,296 @@ export interface EditableQueryInfo {
  * - WHERE, ORDER BY, LIMIT are allowed
  */
 export function analyzeEditableQuery(sql: string): EditableQueryInfo | null {
-  const trimmed = sql.trim();
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability(sql);
+  return result.editable ? result.analysis : null;
+}
 
-  // Strip trailing semicolons and whitespace
-  const cleaned = trimmed.replace(/;+\s*$/, "").trim();
-
-  // Must start with SELECT (case-insensitive)
-  if (!/^SELECT\b/i.test(cleaned)) return null;
-
-  // Reject CTEs (WITH clause before SELECT)
-  if (/^\s*WITH\b/i.test(trimmed)) return null;
-
-  // Remove inline comments and block comments
-  const normalized = cleaned.replace(/--.*$/gm, "").replace(/\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\//g, "");
-
-  // Reject UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT
-  if (/\b(UNION|INTERSECT|EXCEPT)\b/i.test(normalized)) return null;
-
-  // --- Extract SELECT body (columns) ---
-  // Match everything between SELECT and the first SQL clause keyword (FROM, WHERE, ORDER, etc.)
-  const selectMatch = normalized.match(
-    /^SELECT\s+(.+?)(?:\bFROM\b|\bWHERE\b|\bORDER\b|\bLIMIT\b|\bGROUP\b|\bHAVING\b|$)/is,
-  );
-  if (!selectMatch) return null;
-  const selectBody = selectMatch[1].trim();
-
-  // Reject DISTINCT
-  if (/^\s*DISTINCT\b/i.test(selectBody)) return null;
-
-  // Check if SELECT *
-  const selectStar = /^\s*\*\s*$/.test(selectBody);
-  const columns: string[] = [];
-  if (!selectStar) {
-    columns.push(...parseSelectColumns(selectBody));
+export function analyzeEditableQueryEditability(sql: string): QueryEditability {
+  const normalized = stripSqlComments(sql)
+    .replace(/;+\s*$/, "")
+    .trim();
+  if (!normalized) return { editable: false, reason: "not-select" };
+  if (/^\s*WITH\b/i.test(normalized)) return { editable: false, reason: "cte" };
+  if (!/^SELECT\b/i.test(normalized)) return { editable: false, reason: "not-select" };
+  if (hasTopLevelKeyword(normalized, ["UNION", "INTERSECT", "EXCEPT"])) {
+    return { editable: false, reason: "set-operation" };
   }
+  if (normalized.includes(";")) return { editable: false, reason: "complex-source" };
 
-  // --- Extract FROM body ---
-  const fromMatch = normalized.match(/\bFROM\s+(.+?)(?:\bWHERE\b|\bORDER\b|\bLIMIT\b|\bGROUP\b|\bHAVING\b|$)/is);
-  if (!fromMatch) return null;
-  const fromBody = fromMatch[1].trim();
+  const fromIndex = findTopLevelKeyword(normalized, "FROM", 0);
+  if (fromIndex < 0) return { editable: false, reason: "no-table" };
 
-  // Reject JOIN
-  if (/\bJOIN\b/i.test(fromBody)) return null;
+  const selectBody = normalized.slice("SELECT".length, fromIndex).trim();
+  if (/^DISTINCT\b/i.test(selectBody)) return { editable: false, reason: "aggregation" };
 
-  // Reject GROUP BY, HAVING (already partially covered but double-check)
-  if (/\b(GROUP\s+BY|HAVING)\b/i.test(fromBody)) return null;
+  const groupIndex = findTopLevelKeyword(normalized, "GROUP", fromIndex + 4);
+  const havingIndex = findTopLevelKeyword(normalized, "HAVING", fromIndex + 4);
+  if (groupIndex >= 0 || havingIndex >= 0) return { editable: false, reason: "aggregation" };
 
-  // Reject subqueries: if FROM body contains SELECT keyword
-  if (/\bSELECT\b/i.test(fromBody)) return null;
+  const fromEnd = firstTopLevelKeywordIndex(normalized, ["WHERE", "ORDER", "LIMIT", "OFFSET", "FETCH"], fromIndex + 4);
+  const fromBody = normalized.slice(fromIndex + 4, fromEnd < 0 ? normalized.length : fromEnd).trim();
+  const source = parseFromSource(fromBody);
+  if (!source) return { editable: false, reason: "complex-source" };
 
-  // Also reject if there's a SELECT anywhere after FROM (subquery in WHERE etc.)
-  const fromIdx = normalized.toUpperCase().indexOf("FROM");
-  if (fromIdx >= 0) {
-    const afterFirstFrom = normalized.slice(fromIdx);
-    // Count SELECT occurrences after FROM — should be 0 (the original SELECT is before FROM)
-    const selectCount = (afterFirstFrom.match(/\bSELECT\b/g) || []).length;
-    if (selectCount > 0) return null;
-  }
-
-  // --- Extract table name from FROM clause ---
-  // Strip all quoting characters (backticks, double quotes, square brackets)
-  const stripped = fromBody.replace(/[`"[\]]/g, "").trim();
-
-  // Match: table OR schema.table
-  const tableMatch = stripped.match(/^(\w+)(?:\.(\w+))?/);
-  if (!tableMatch) return null;
-
-  const schema = tableMatch[2] ? tableMatch[1] : undefined;
-  const tableName = tableMatch[2] || tableMatch[1];
+  const selectStar = isSelectStar(selectBody, source.alias);
+  const columns = selectStar ? [] : parseSelectColumns(selectBody);
+  if (!selectStar && columns.length === 0) return { editable: false, reason: "computed-columns" };
 
   return {
-    schema,
-    tableName,
-    selectStar,
-    columns,
+    editable: true,
+    analysis: {
+      schema: source.schema,
+      tableName: source.tableName,
+      tableAlias: source.alias,
+      selectStar,
+      columns,
+    },
   };
 }
 
-function parseSelectColumns(body: string): string[] {
-  const cols: string[] = [];
+export function queryEditabilityMessageKey(reason: QueryEditabilityReason): string {
+  return {
+    "not-select": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedNotSelect",
+    cte: "grid.queryEditUnsupportedCte",
+    "set-operation": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedSetOperation",
+    aggregation: "grid.queryEditUnsupportedAggregation",
+    "complex-source": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedComplexSource",
+    "computed-columns": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedComputedColumns",
+    "no-table": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedNoTable",
+    "no-primary-key": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedNoPrimaryKey",
+    "primary-key-not-returned": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedPrimaryKeyNotReturned",
+    "aliased-columns": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedAliasedColumns",
+    "metadata-unavailable": "grid.queryEditUnsupportedMetadataUnavailable",
+  }[reason];
+}
+
+function parseSelectColumns(body: string): EditableQueryColumn[] {
+  const cols: EditableQueryColumn[] = [];
   let depth = 0;
   let current = "";
+  let quote: string | null = null;
   for (let i = 0; i < body.length; i++) {
     const ch = body[i];
-    if (ch === "(") depth++;
+    if (quote) {
+      current += ch;
+      if (ch === quote || (quote === "]" && ch === "]")) quote = null;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (ch === "'" || ch === '"' || ch === "`") quote = ch;
+    else if (ch === "[") quote = "]";
+    else if (ch === "(") depth++;
     else if (ch === ")") depth--;
     else if (ch === "," && depth === 0) {
-      cols.push(extractColumnName(current.trim()));
+      const col = parseSelectColumn(current.trim());
+      if (!col) return [];
+      cols.push(col);
       current = "";
       continue;
     }
     current += ch;
   }
   if (current.trim()) {
-    cols.push(extractColumnName(current.trim()));
+    const col = parseSelectColumn(current.trim());
+    if (!col) return [];
+    cols.push(col);
   }
   return cols;
 }
 
-function extractColumnName(col: string): string {
-  // Handle AS alias
-  const asMatch = col.match(/\bAS\s+(\w+)/i);
-  if (asMatch) return asMatch[1];
+function parseSelectColumn(col: string): EditableQueryColumn | null {
+  const source = parseQualifiedIdentifier(col);
+  if (!source) return parseComputedSelectColumn(col);
+  const alias = parseColumnAlias(source.rest);
+  if (alias === null) return parseComputedSelectColumn(col);
+  return {
+    sourceName: source.parts[source.parts.length - 1],
+    resultName: alias ?? source.parts[source.parts.length - 1],
+    expression: col.slice(0, source.end).trim(),
+  };
+}
 
-  // Strip quoting characters
-  const stripped = col.replace(/[`"'[\]]/g, "");
+function parseComputedSelectColumn(col: string): EditableQueryColumn | null {
+  const alias = parseExpressionAlias(col);
+  if (!alias) return null;
+  return {
+    sourceName: undefined,
+    resultName: alias.resultName,
+    expression: alias.expression,
+  };
+}
 
-  // Take last identifier (handles table.column -> column)
-  const parts = stripped.split(".");
-  return parts[parts.length - 1] || stripped;
+function parseExpressionAlias(col: string): { expression: string; resultName: string } | null {
+  const asMatch = col.match(/\bAS\s+((?:"[^"]+")|(?:`[^`]+`)|(?:\[[^\]]+\])|(?:[A-Za-z_][\w$]*))\s*$/i);
+  if (asMatch?.index === undefined) return null;
+  const alias = readIdentifier(asMatch[1], 0);
+  if (!alias || alias.end !== asMatch[1].length) return null;
+  const expression = col.slice(0, asMatch.index).trim();
+  return expression ? { expression, resultName: alias.value } : null;
+}
+
+function parseColumnAlias(rest: string): string | undefined | null {
+  const trimmed = rest.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return undefined;
+  const asMatch = trimmed.match(/^AS\s+/i);
+  const aliasText = asMatch ? trimmed.slice(asMatch[0].length).trim() : trimmed;
+  const alias = readIdentifier(aliasText, 0);
+  if (!alias || alias.end !== aliasText.length) return null;
+  return alias.value;
+}
+
+function isSelectStar(body: string, alias: string | undefined): boolean {
+  const trimmed = body.trim();
+  if (trimmed === "*") return true;
+  if (!alias) return false;
+  return new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(alias)}\\s*\\.\\s*\\*$`, "i").test(trimmed);
+}
+
+function parseFromSource(body: string): { schema?: string; tableName: string; alias?: string } | null {
+  if (!body || /[,()]/.test(body) || /\bJOIN\b/i.test(body)) return null;
+  const ident = parseQualifiedIdentifier(body);
+  if (!ident || ident.parts.length < 1 || ident.parts.length > 2) return null;
+  const tail = ident.rest.trim();
+  let alias: string | undefined;
+  if (tail) {
+    const aliasText = tail.replace(/^AS\s+/i, "").trim();
+    const aliasIdent = readIdentifier(aliasText, 0);
+    if (!aliasIdent || aliasIdent.end !== aliasText.length) return null;
+    alias = aliasIdent.value;
+  }
+  const tableName = ident.parts[ident.parts.length - 1];
+  const schema = ident.parts.length === 2 ? ident.parts[0] : undefined;
+  return { schema, tableName, alias };
+}
+
+function parseQualifiedIdentifier(text: string): { parts: string[]; end: number; rest: string; done: boolean } | null {
+  const parts: string[] = [];
+  let pos = 0;
+  while (pos < text.length) {
+    pos = skipWhitespace(text, pos);
+    const ident = readIdentifier(text, pos);
+    if (!ident) break;
+    parts.push(ident.value);
+    pos = skipWhitespace(text, ident.end);
+    if (text[pos] !== ".") break;
+    pos++;
+  }
+  if (parts.length === 0) return null;
+  return { parts, end: pos, rest: text.slice(pos), done: text.slice(pos).trim() === "" };
+}
+
+function readIdentifier(text: string, start: number): { value: string; end: number } | null {
+  const pos = skipWhitespace(text, start);
+  const quote = text[pos];
+  if (quote === '"' || quote === "`" || quote === "[") {
+    const close = quote === "[" ? "]" : quote;
+    let value = "";
+    for (let i = pos + 1; i < text.length; i++) {
+      if (text[i] === close) return { value, end: i + 1 };
+      value += text[i];
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+  const match = text.slice(pos).match(/^[A-Za-z_][\w$]*/);
+  return match ? { value: match[0], end: pos + match[0].length } : null;
+}
+
+function skipWhitespace(text: string, pos: number): number {
+  while (pos < text.length && /\s/.test(text[pos])) pos++;
+  return pos;
+}
+
+function stripSqlComments(sql: string): string {
+  return sql.replace(/--.*$/gm, "").replace(/\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\//g, "");
+}
+
+function hasTopLevelKeyword(sql: string, keywords: string[]): boolean {
+  return keywords.some((keyword) => findTopLevelKeyword(sql, keyword, 0) >= 0);
+}
+
+function firstTopLevelKeywordIndex(sql: string, keywords: string[], start: number): number {
+  const indexes = keywords.map((keyword) => findTopLevelKeyword(sql, keyword, start)).filter((index) => index >= 0);
+  return indexes.length ? Math.min(...indexes) : -1;
+}
+
+function findTopLevelKeyword(sql: string, keyword: string, start: number): number {
+  let depth = 0;
+  let quote: string | null = null;
+  const upperKeyword = keyword.toUpperCase();
+  for (let i = start; i < sql.length; i++) {
+    const ch = sql[i];
+    if (quote) {
+      if (ch === quote || (quote === "]" && ch === "]")) quote = null;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (ch === "'" || ch === '"' || ch === "`") {
+      quote = ch;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (ch === "[") {
+      quote = "]";
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (ch === "(") {
+      depth++;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (ch === ")") {
+      depth = Math.max(0, depth - 1);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (depth !== 0) continue;
+    if (sql.slice(i, i + keyword.length).toUpperCase() !== upperKeyword) continue;
+    const before = i === 0 ? "" : sql[i - 1];
+    const after = sql[i + keyword.length] ?? "";
+    if (!isIdentifierChar(before) && !isIdentifierChar(after)) return i;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+function isIdentifierChar(ch: string): boolean {
+  return /[\w$]/.test(ch);
+}
+
+function escapeRegExp(value: string): string {
+  return value.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, "\\$&");
 }
 
 /**
  * Check if all primary key columns are present in the result set columns.
  * Comparison is case-insensitive.
  */
-export function allPrimaryKeysPresent(primaryKeys: string[], resultColumns: string[]): boolean {
+export function allPrimaryKeysPresent(
+  primaryKeys: string[],
+  resultColumns: string[],
+  analysis?: EditableQueryInfo,
+): boolean {
+  if (analysis && !analysis.selectStar) {
+    const sourceColumns = new Set(
+      analysis.columns.flatMap((column) => (column.sourceName ? [column.sourceName.toLowerCase()] : [])),
+    );
+    return primaryKeys.every((pk) => sourceColumns.has(pk.toLowerCase()));
+  }
   const colSet = new Set(resultColumns.map((c) => c.toLowerCase()));
   return primaryKeys.every((pk) => colSet.has(pk.toLowerCase()));
 }
+
+export function allEditableColumnsWriteable(analysis: EditableQueryInfo, resultColumns: string[]): boolean {
+  if (analysis.selectStar) return true;
+  const sourceByResult = new Map(analysis.columns.map((column) => [column.resultName.toLowerCase(), column]));
+  return resultColumns.every((resultColumn) => {
+    const source = sourceByResult.get(resultColumn.toLowerCase());
+    return !!source;
+  });
+}
+
+export function sourceColumnsForResult(
+  analysis: EditableQueryInfo,
+  resultColumns: string[],
+): Array<string | undefined> | undefined {
+  if (analysis.selectStar) return undefined;
+  const sourceByResult = new Map(analysis.columns.map((column) => [column.resultName.toLowerCase(), column]));
+  const sourceColumns = resultColumns.map((resultColumn) => sourceByResult.get(resultColumn.toLowerCase())?.sourceName);
+  return resultColumns.every((resultColumn) => sourceByResult.has(resultColumn.toLowerCase()))
+    ? sourceColumns
+    : undefined;
+}
diff --git a/src/stores/queryStore.ts b/src/stores/queryStore.ts
index 1319ee3af0..9a92f1846e 100644
--- a/src/stores/queryStore.ts
+++ b/src/stores/queryStore.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ import { orderPinnedFirst } from "@/lib/pinnedItems";
 import { canCancelQueryExecution } from "@/lib/queryExecutionState";
 import { closeAllTabsState, closeOtherTabsState } from "@/lib/tabCloseActions";
 import { buildExplainSql, parseExplainResult } from "@/lib/explainPlan";
-import { analyzeEditableQuery, allPrimaryKeysPresent } from "@/lib/sqlAnalysis";
+import {
+  allEditableColumnsWriteable,
+  allPrimaryKeysPresent,
+  analyzeEditableQueryEditability,
+  sourceColumnsForResult,
+} from "@/lib/sqlAnalysis";
 import { restoreOpenTabsState, serializeOpenTabs } from "@/lib/openTabsPersistence";
 import { mongoDocumentsToQueryResult, parseMongoFindCommand } from "@/lib/mongoShellCommand";
 import * as api from "@/lib/api";
@@ -171,6 +176,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
       tab.sql = sql;
       tab.resultSortedSql = undefined;
       tab.resultBaseSql = undefined;
+      tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+      tab.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
     }
   }
 
@@ -224,6 +232,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     tab.lastExecutedSql = undefined;
     tab.resultBaseSql = undefined;
     tab.resultSortedSql = undefined;
+    tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+    tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+    tab.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
     clearExplain(tab);
     tab.tableMeta = undefined;
   }
@@ -245,6 +256,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     tab.lastExecutedSql = undefined;
     tab.resultBaseSql = undefined;
     tab.resultSortedSql = undefined;
+    tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+    tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+    tab.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
     clearExplain(tab);
     tab.tableMeta = undefined;
   }
@@ -315,19 +329,25 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     if (tab.mode !== "query") return;
     if (!tab.result || !tab.result.columns.length) {
       tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
       tab.tableMeta = undefined;
       return;
     }
 
-    const analysis = analyzeEditableQuery(sql);
-    if (!analysis) {
+    const editability = analyzeEditableQueryEditability(sql);
+    if (!editability.editable) {
       tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+      tab.queryEditabilityReason = editability.reason;
       tab.tableMeta = undefined;
       return;
     }
+    const analysis = editability.analysis;
 
     if (!tab.connectionId || !tab.database) {
       tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+      tab.queryEditabilityReason = "metadata-unavailable";
       tab.tableMeta = undefined;
       return;
     }
@@ -353,15 +373,35 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
         primaryKeys,
       };
 
-      if (primaryKeys.length === 0 || !allPrimaryKeysPresent(primaryKeys, tab.result.columns)) {
+      if (primaryKeys.length === 0) {
         tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+        tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+        tab.queryEditabilityReason = "no-primary-key";
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (!allPrimaryKeysPresent(primaryKeys, tab.result.columns, analysis)) {
+        tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+        tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+        tab.queryEditabilityReason = "primary-key-not-returned";
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (!allEditableColumnsWriteable(analysis, tab.result.columns)) {
+        tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+        tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+        tab.queryEditabilityReason = "aliased-columns";
         return;
       }
 
       tab.queryAnalysis = analysis;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = sourceColumnsForResult(analysis, tab.result.columns);
+      tab.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
     } catch (err) {
       console.error("[DBX] ERROR fetching columns for query metadata:", err);
       tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+      tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+      tab.queryEditabilityReason = "metadata-unavailable";
       tab.tableMeta = undefined;
     }
   }
@@ -418,6 +458,8 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
           current.activeResultIndex = undefined;
           current.result = mongoDocumentsToQueryResult(result.documents, performance.now() - startedAt, result.total);
           current.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+          current.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+          current.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
           current.tableMeta = undefined;
           current.resultBaseSql = options?.resultBaseSql ?? sql;
           current.resultSortedSql = options?.resultSortedSql;
@@ -465,6 +507,8 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
         current.results = undefined;
         current.activeResultIndex = undefined;
         current.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+        current.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+        current.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
         if (current.mode !== "data") current.tableMeta = undefined;
         current.resultBaseSql = options?.resultBaseSql ?? sql;
         current.resultSortedSql = options?.resultSortedSql;
@@ -578,6 +622,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     if (!tab?.results || index < 0 || index >= tab.results.length) return;
     tab.activeResultIndex = index;
     tab.result = tab.results[index];
+    tab.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+    tab.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+    tab.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
   }
 
   function trimResultCache() {
@@ -586,6 +633,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
       const toEvict = inactive.slice(0, inactive.length - MAX_CACHED_RESULTS);
       toEvict.forEach((t) => {
         t.result = undefined;
+        t.queryAnalysis = undefined;
+        t.querySourceColumns = undefined;
+        t.queryEditabilityReason = undefined;
       });
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/types/database.ts b/src/types/database.ts
index dcdbd91493..1c4e4f15ba 100644
--- a/src/types/database.ts
+++ b/src/types/database.ts
@@ -284,9 +284,27 @@ export interface QueryTab {
   queryAnalysis?: {
     schema?: string;
     tableName: string;
+    tableAlias?: string;
     selectStar: boolean;
-    columns: string[];
+    columns: {
+      sourceName?: string;
+      resultName: string;
+      expression: string;
+    }[];
   };
+  querySourceColumns?: Array<string | undefined>;
+  queryEditabilityReason?:
+    | "not-select"
+    | "cte"
+    | "set-operation"
+    | "aggregation"
+    | "complex-source"
+    | "computed-columns"
+    | "no-table"
+    | "no-primary-key"
+    | "primary-key-not-returned"
+    | "aliased-columns"
+    | "metadata-unavailable";
   whereInput?: string;
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/dataGridSql.test.ts b/tests/dataGridSql.test.ts
index ae96a5e6f3..048394fc2d 100644
--- a/tests/dataGridSql.test.ts
+++ b/tests/dataGridSql.test.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,59 @@ test("builds SQL Server grid save statements with schema and bracket quoting", (
   ]);
 });
 
+test("builds grid save statements through source columns for aliased query results", () => {
+  const statements = buildDataGridSaveStatements({
+    databaseType: "postgres",
+    tableMeta: {
+      schema: "public",
+      tableName: "ihli_data",
+      primaryKeys: ["iso3", "year"],
+    },
+    columns: ["country_code", "report_year", "country_name", "ihli_rank"],
+    sourceColumns: ["iso3", "year", "country_name", "rank"],
+    rows: [["LUX", 2007, "Luxembourg", 1]],
+    dirtyRows: [[0, [[2, "Luxembourg City"]]]],
+    deletedRows: [0],
+    newRows: [["USA", 2008, "United States", 2]],
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(statements, [
+    `UPDATE "public"."ihli_data" SET "country_name" = 'Luxembourg City' WHERE "iso3" = 'LUX' AND "year" = 2007;`,
+    `DELETE FROM "public"."ihli_data" WHERE "iso3" = 'LUX' AND "year" = 2007;`,
+    `INSERT INTO "public"."ihli_data" ("iso3", "year", "country_name", "rank") VALUES ('USA', 2008, 'United States', 2);`,
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("skips expression-only result columns when saving aliased query results", () => {
+  const statements = buildDataGridSaveStatements({
+    databaseType: "postgres",
+    tableMeta: {
+      schema: "public",
+      tableName: "ihli_data",
+      primaryKeys: ["iso3", "year"],
+    },
+    columns: ["iso3", "year", "country_name", "score"],
+    sourceColumns: ["iso3", "year", "country_name", undefined],
+    rows: [["LUX", 2007, "Luxembourg", 50242.1]],
+    dirtyRows: [
+      [
+        0,
+        [
+          [2, "Luxembourg City"],
+          [3, 999],
+        ],
+      ],
+    ],
+    deletedRows: [],
+    newRows: [["USA", 2008, "United States", 43000]],
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(statements, [
+    `UPDATE "public"."ihli_data" SET "country_name" = 'Luxembourg City' WHERE "iso3" = 'LUX' AND "year" = 2007;`,
+    `INSERT INTO "public"."ihli_data" ("iso3", "year", "country_name") VALUES ('USA', 2008, 'United States');`,
+  ]);
+});
+
 test("builds Hive grid save statements with backtick identifiers", () => {
   const statements = buildDataGridSaveStatements({
     databaseType: "hive",
diff --git a/tests/sqlAnalysis.test.ts b/tests/sqlAnalysis.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4774caad1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sqlAnalysis.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import { strict as assert } from "node:assert";
+import test from "node:test";
+import {
+  allEditableColumnsWriteable,
+  allPrimaryKeysPresent,
+  analyzeEditableQuery,
+  analyzeEditableQueryEditability,
+  queryEditabilityMessageKey,
+} from "../src/lib/sqlAnalysis.ts";
+
+test("recognizes a simple single-table SELECT as editable", () => {
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability("select id, name from public.users where active = true order by id");
+
+  assert.equal(result.editable, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.analysis, {
+    schema: "public",
+    tableName: "users",
+    tableAlias: undefined,
+    selectStar: false,
+    columns: [
+      { sourceName: "id", resultName: "id", expression: "id" },
+      { sourceName: "name", resultName: "name", expression: "name" },
+    ],
+  });
+});
+
+test("recognizes quoted table names and table aliases", () => {
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability('SELECT u."id", u."full name" FROM "app schema"."user table" AS u');
+
+  assert.equal(result.editable, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.analysis, {
+    schema: "app schema",
+    tableName: "user table",
+    tableAlias: "u",
+    selectStar: false,
+    columns: [
+      { sourceName: "id", resultName: "id", expression: 'u."id"' },
+      { sourceName: "full name", resultName: "full name", expression: 'u."full name"' },
+    ],
+  });
+});
+
+test("keeps the legacy analyzer API for editable SELECT queries", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(analyzeEditableQuery("select * from users"), {
+    schema: undefined,
+    tableName: "users",
+    tableAlias: undefined,
+    selectStar: true,
+    columns: [],
+  });
+});
+
+test("reports why joined query results are not editable", () => {
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability("select u.id, o.total from users u join orders o on o.user_id = u.id");
+
+  assert.deepEqual(result, {
+    editable: false,
+    reason: "complex-source",
+  });
+  assert.equal(queryEditabilityMessageKey(result.reason), "grid.queryEditUnsupportedComplexSource");
+});
+
+test("reports computed result columns as unsafe to edit", () => {
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability("select id, count(*) as total from users group by id");
+
+  assert.deepEqual(result, {
+    editable: false,
+    reason: "aggregation",
+  });
+});
+
+test("keeps single-table expression columns while mapping writable source columns", () => {
+  const result = analyzeEditableQueryEditability(
+    "select iso3, year, country_name, ihli / gdp_pc as score from ihli_data",
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(result.editable, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(result.analysis.columns, [
+    { sourceName: "iso3", resultName: "iso3", expression: "iso3" },
+    { sourceName: "year", resultName: "year", expression: "year" },
+    { sourceName: "country_name", resultName: "country_name", expression: "country_name" },
+    { sourceName: undefined, resultName: "score", expression: "ihli / gdp_pc" },
+  ]);
+  assert.equal(
+    allPrimaryKeysPresent(["iso3", "year"], ["iso3", "year", "country_name", "score"], result.analysis),
+    true,
+  );
+  assert.equal(allEditableColumnsWriteable(result.analysis, ["iso3", "year", "country_name", "score"]), true);
+});
+
+test("accepts aliased primary key source columns for row identity", () => {
+  const analysis = analyzeEditableQuery("select id as user_id, name from users");
+
+  assert.ok(analysis);
+  assert.equal(allPrimaryKeysPresent(["id"], ["user_id", "name"], analysis), true);
+  assert.equal(allEditableColumnsWriteable(analysis, ["user_id", "name"]), true);
+  assert.equal(
+    allPrimaryKeysPresent(["id"], ["id", "name"], analyzeEditableQuery("select id, name from users")!),
+    true,
+  );
+});