fix(ai): improve API retry handling

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts

@@ -1776,6 +1776,12 @@ export default {
     contextWindow: "Context Window",
     contextWindowAuto: "Auto (detect from model name)",
     contextWindowHint: "Tokens. Leave empty to auto-detect. Set manually for local/custom models.",
+    maxRetries: "Max Retries",
+    maxRetriesHint: "Retry on rate limits, timeouts, and temporary network errors. 0 = never, max 10.",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "Max Retries",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "Number of automatic retries on transient API errors (rate limits, timeouts, network blips). Applies to all API-backed AI providers. CLI providers (claude-code, codex, pi) are unaffected.",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}, default {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "Max retries saved",
     codexCliPath: "Codex CLI Path",
     codexCliPathHint: "Leave empty to use codex from PATH. Sign in separately with codex login.",
     codexCliPathEnvError: "Codex CLI Path should contain only the executable path. Add environment variables below.",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts

@@ -1815,6 +1815,10 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "Ventana de contexto",
     contextWindowAuto: "Auto (detectar desde el nombre del modelo)",
     contextWindowHint: "Tokens. Déjalo vacío para detección automática. Configúralo manualmente para modelos locales/personalizados.",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "Reintentos máximos",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "Número de reintentos automáticos en errores transitorios de API (límite de tasa, timeout, fallos de red). Se aplica a todos los proveedores de IA por API. Los proveedores CLI (claude-code, codex, pi) no se ven afectados.",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}, predeterminado {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "Reintentos máximos guardados",
     codexCliPath: "Ruta de Codex CLI",
     codexCliPathHint: "Déjalo vacío para usar codex desde PATH. Inicia sesión por separado con codex login.",
     actions: {
@@ -1846,6 +1850,8 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     editResend: "Reenviar",
     editCancel: "Cancelar",
     cannotDeleteActiveConfig: "No se puede eliminar la configuración activa actual. Cambie a otra configuración primero.",
+    maxRetries: "Número máximo de reintentos",
+    maxRetriesHint: "Reintentar automáticamente en caso de limitación de tasa, tiempo de espera o error de red temporal. 0 = no reintentar, máximo 10.",
   },
   contextMenu: {
     openConnection: "Abrir conexión",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts

@@ -1755,6 +1755,10 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "Finestra di Contesto",
     contextWindowAuto: "Auto (rileva dal nome del modello)",
     contextWindowHint: "Token. Lascia vuoto per il rilevamento automatico. Imposta manualmente per modelli locali/personalizzati.",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "Tentativi massimi",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "Numero di tentativi automatici su errori API transitori (limite di velocità, timeout, problemi di rete). Si applica a tutti i provider IA via API. I provider CLI (claude-code, codex, pi) non sono interessati.",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}, predefinito {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "Tentativi massimi salvati",
     codexCliPath: "Percorso Codex CLI",
     codexCliPathHint: "Lascia vuoto per usare codex dal PATH. Esegui login separatamente con codex login.",
     codexCliPathEnvError: "Codex CLI Path deve contenere solo il percorso dell'eseguibile. Aggiungi le variabili d'ambiente sotto.",
@@ -1844,6 +1848,8 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     editResend: "Invia di nuovo",
     editCancel: "Annulla",
     cannotDeleteActiveConfig: "Non è possibile eliminare la configurazione attualmente attiva. Passa a un'altra configurazione prima.",
+    maxRetries: "Numero massimo di tentativi",
+    maxRetriesHint: "Riprova automaticamente in caso di limitazione, timeout o errore di rete temporaneo. 0 = nessun tentativo, massimo 10.",
   },
   contextMenu: {
     openConnection: "Apri Connessione",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts

@@ -1649,6 +1649,10 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "コンテキストウィンドウ",
     contextWindowAuto: "自動（モデル名から検出）",
     contextWindowHint: "トークン数。空欄で自動検出。ローカル/カスタムモデルは手動設定してください。",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "最大再試行回数",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "一時的なAPIエラー（レート制限、タイムアウト、ネットワーク障害）発生時の自動再試行回数。すべてのAPI対応AIプロバイダーに適用されます。CLIプロバイダー（claude-code、codex、pi）は影響を受けません。",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}、デフォルト {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "最大再試行回数を保存しました",
     codexCliPath: "Codex CLI パス",
     codexCliPathHint: "空欄の場合はPATHからcodexを使用します。codex loginで別途サインインしてください。",
     reasoningLevel: "推論レベル",
@@ -1845,6 +1849,8 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     editResend: "再送信",
     editCancel: "キャンセル",
     cannotDeleteActiveConfig: "現在アクティブな設定は削除できません。先に他の設定に切り替えてください。",
+    maxRetries: "最大リトライ回数",
+    maxRetriesHint: "レート制限、タイムアウト、または一時的なネットワークエラーが発生した場合に自動的にリトライします。0 = リトライなし、最大10。",
   },
   contextMenu: {
     openConnection: "接続を開く",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts

@@ -1813,6 +1813,10 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "Janela de Contexto",
     contextWindowAuto: "Automático (detectar pelo nome do modelo)",
     contextWindowHint: "Tokens. Deixe vazio para detecção automática. Defina manualmente para modelos locais/personalizados.",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "Máximo de Tentativas",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "Número de tentativas automáticas em erros transitórios de API (limite de taxa, timeout, falhas de rede). Aplica-se a todos os provedores de IA via API. Provedores CLI (claude-code, codex, pi) não são afetados.",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}, padrão {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "Máximo de tentativas salvo",
     enableThinking: "Raciocínio",
     enableThinkingOn: "Ativado",
     enableThinkingOff: "Desativado",
@@ -1846,6 +1850,8 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     editResend: "Reenviar",
     editCancel: "Cancelar",
     cannotDeleteActiveConfig: "Não é possível excluir a configuração ativa atual. Mude para outra configuração primeiro.",
+    maxRetries: "Número máximo de tentativas",
+    maxRetriesHint: "Tente novamente automaticamente ao encontrar limitação de taxa, tempo limite ou erro de rede temporário. 0 = não tentar novamente, máximo 10.",
   },
   contextMenu: {
     openConnection: "Abrir Conexão",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts

@@ -1777,6 +1777,12 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "上下文窗口",
     contextWindowAuto: "自动（根据模型名称推断）",
     contextWindowHint: "单位：token。留空自动推断，本地/自定义模型建议手动设置。",
+    maxRetries: "最大重试次数",
+    maxRetriesHint: "遇到限流、超时或临时网络错误时自动重试。0 = 不重试，最大 10。",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "最大重试次数",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "遇到临时 API 错误（限流、超时、网络波动）时的自动重试次数。适用于所有 API 模式 AI 供应商。CLI 供应商（claude-code、codex、pi）不受影响。",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}，默认 {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "最大重试次数已保存",
     codexCliPath: "Codex CLI 路径",
     codexCliPathHint: "留空则使用 PATH 中的 codex。请先在终端执行 codex login 登录。",
     codexCliPathEnvError: "Codex CLI 路径只能填写可执行文件路径。请在下方添加环境变量。",

apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts

@@ -1756,6 +1756,12 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     contextWindow: "Context Window",
     contextWindowAuto: "自動（從模型名稱偵測）",
     contextWindowHint: "Token 數。留空以自動偵測。本機/自訂模型請手動設定。",
+    maxRetries: "最大重試次數",
+    maxRetriesHint: "遇到限流、超時或暫時性網路錯誤時自動重試。0 = 不重試，最大 10。",
+    maxRetriesGlobal: "最大重試次數",
+    maxRetriesGlobalDescription: "遇到暫時性 API 錯誤（限流、超時、網路波動）時的自動重試次數。適用於所有 API 模式 AI 供應商。CLI 供應商（claude-code、codex、pi）不受影響。",
+    maxRetriesRange: "{min}–{max}，預設 {default}",
+    maxRetriesSaved: "最大重試次數已儲存",
     codexCliPath: "Codex CLI 路徑",
     codexCliPathHint: "留空以使用 PATH 中的 codex。請另外以 codex login 登入。",
     codexMcpRequiredTitle: "需要 DBX MCP Server",

apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/api.ts

@@ -272,6 +272,8 @@ export const loadMcpGlobalPolicy = forward("loadMcpGlobalPolicy");
 export const saveMcpGlobalPolicy = forward("saveMcpGlobalPolicy");
 export const loadMaxAgentTurns = forward("loadMaxAgentTurns");
 export const saveMaxAgentTurns = forward("saveMaxAgentTurns");
+export const loadMaxRetries = forward("loadMaxRetries");
+export const saveMaxRetries = forward("saveMaxRetries");
 export const completeAppClose = forward("completeAppClose");
 export const requestAppClose = forward("requestAppClose");
 export const setDriverStoreDir = forward("setDriverStoreDir");

apps/desktop/src/stores/settingsStore.ts

@@ -393,7 +393,14 @@ export interface CustomTheme {
   ddlColors: CustomThemeDdlColors;
 }
 
-export const DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEMES: CustomTheme[] = [{ id: "default", name: "Custom", colors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_COLORS }, ddlColors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_DDL_COLORS } }];
+export const DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEMES: CustomTheme[] = [
+  {
+    id: "default",
+    name: "Custom",
+    colors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_COLORS },
+    ddlColors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_DDL_COLORS },
+  },
+];
 
 export type SidebarObjectInfoMode = "comment-inline" | "comment-aligned" | "comment-right" | "size" | "hidden";
 
@@ -538,7 +545,11 @@ export function enforceRightSidebarPanelExclusivity(current: RightSidebarPanelSt
   return transitionRightSidebarPanels(current, panelToKeep, true, true);
 }
 
-export const EDITOR_THEMES: { value: EditorTheme; label: string; dark: boolean }[] = [
+export const EDITOR_THEMES: {
+  value: EditorTheme;
+  label: string;
+  dark: boolean;
+}[] = [
   { value: "app", label: "Follow app theme", dark: false },
   { value: "one-dark", label: "One Dark", dark: true },
   { value: "vscode-dark", label: "VS Dark+", dark: true },
@@ -790,7 +801,13 @@ function normalizeSqlSnippets(value: unknown, existing?: SqlSnippet[]): SqlSnipp
     if (seenPrefixes.has(item.prefix)) continue;
     seenPrefixes.add(item.prefix);
     // Older settings do not have this field; only an explicit false disables a snippet.
-    valid.push({ id: item.id, label: item.label, prefix: item.prefix, body: item.body, enabled: item.enabled !== false });
+    valid.push({
+      id: item.id,
+      label: item.label,
+      prefix: item.prefix,
+      body: item.body,
+      enabled: item.enabled !== false,
+    });
   }
   if (valid.length === 0) return existing ?? DEFAULT_SQL_SNIPPETS;
   return valid;
@@ -845,7 +862,10 @@ export function normalizeEditorSettings(settings: Partial<EditorSettings>, exist
           return {
             ...renamed,
             colors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_COLORS, ...renamed.colors },
-            ddlColors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_DDL_COLORS, ...(renamed as any).ddlColors },
+            ddlColors: {
+              ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_DDL_COLORS,
+              ...(renamed as any).ddlColors,
+            },
           };
         });
       }
@@ -854,7 +874,10 @@ export function normalizeEditorSettings(settings: Partial<EditorSettings>, exist
             {
               id: "migrated",
               name: "Migrated",
-              colors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_COLORS, ...settings.customThemeColors },
+              colors: {
+                ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_COLORS,
+                ...settings.customThemeColors,
+              },
               ddlColors: { ...DEFAULT_CUSTOM_THEME_DDL_COLORS },
             },
           ]
@@ -915,17 +938,43 @@ export function normalizeEditorSettings(settings: Partial<EditorSettings>, exist
     sidebarObjectDisplay: settings.sidebarObjectDisplay === "simple" || settings.sidebarObjectDisplay === "grouped" ? settings.sidebarObjectDisplay : DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.sidebarObjectDisplay,
     sidebarTableSearchEnabled: typeof settings.sidebarTableSearchEnabled === "boolean" ? settings.sidebarTableSearchEnabled : DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.sidebarTableSearchEnabled,
     autoSelectActiveSidebarNode: settings.autoSelectActiveSidebarNode ?? DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.autoSelectActiveSidebarNode,
-    openTabsRestoreMode: normalizeOpenTabsRestoreMode((settings as Partial<EditorSettings>).openTabsRestoreMode, (settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & { restoreOpenTabsOnLaunch?: boolean }).restoreOpenTabsOnLaunch),
-    disconnectTabHandlingMode: normalizeDisconnectTabHandlingMode((settings as Partial<EditorSettings>).disconnectTabHandlingMode, (settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & { closeQueryTabsOnDisconnect?: boolean }).closeQueryTabsOnDisconnect),
+    openTabsRestoreMode: normalizeOpenTabsRestoreMode(
+      (settings as Partial<EditorSettings>).openTabsRestoreMode,
+      (
+        settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & {
+          restoreOpenTabsOnLaunch?: boolean;
+        }
+      ).restoreOpenTabsOnLaunch,
+    ),
+    disconnectTabHandlingMode: normalizeDisconnectTabHandlingMode(
+      (settings as Partial<EditorSettings>).disconnectTabHandlingMode,
+      (
+        settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & {
+          closeQueryTabsOnDisconnect?: boolean;
+        }
+      ).closeQueryTabsOnDisconnect,
+    ),
     reuseDataTab: settings.reuseDataTab ?? DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.reuseDataTab,
     prefillNewQueryWithSelect: typeof settings.prefillNewQueryWithSelect === "boolean" ? settings.prefillNewQueryWithSelect : DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.prefillNewQueryWithSelect,
     updateNotificationsEnabled: settings.updateNotificationsEnabled ?? DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.updateNotificationsEnabled,
     sidebarHiddenTablePrefixes: normalizeSidebarHiddenTablePrefixes(settings.sidebarHiddenTablePrefixes),
     sidebarObjectInfoMode: normalizeSidebarObjectInfoMode(
       settings.sidebarObjectInfoMode,
-      (settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & { sidebarTableCommentLayout?: string }).sidebarTableCommentLayout,
-      (settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & { sidebarHideTableComments?: boolean }).sidebarHideTableComments,
-      (settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & { sidebarShowDatabaseSizes?: boolean }).sidebarShowDatabaseSizes,
+      (
+        settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & {
+          sidebarTableCommentLayout?: string;
+        }
+      ).sidebarTableCommentLayout,
+      (
+        settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & {
+          sidebarHideTableComments?: boolean;
+        }
+      ).sidebarHideTableComments,
+      (
+        settings as Partial<EditorSettings> & {
+          sidebarShowDatabaseSizes?: boolean;
+        }
+      ).sidebarShowDatabaseSizes,
     ),
     sidebarAllowHorizontalScroll: settings.sidebarAllowHorizontalScroll ?? DEFAULT_EDITOR_SETTINGS.sidebarAllowHorizontalScroll,
     columnFormatters: normalizeColumnFormatters(settings.columnFormatters),
@@ -996,7 +1045,9 @@ export const useSettingsStore = defineStore("settings", () => {
   const isAiConfigLoaded = ref(false);
   const aiConfigs = ref<AiConfigItem[]>([]);
   const desktopSettings = ref<DesktopSettings>({ ...DEFAULT_DESKTOP_SETTINGS });
-  const mcpGlobalPolicy = ref<McpGlobalPolicy>({ ...DEFAULT_MCP_GLOBAL_POLICY });
+  const mcpGlobalPolicy = ref<McpGlobalPolicy>({
+    ...DEFAULT_MCP_GLOBAL_POLICY,
+  });
   const isDesktopSettingsLoaded = ref(false);
   const isMcpGlobalPolicyLoaded = ref(false);
   const isEditorSettingsLoaded = ref(false);
@@ -1119,7 +1170,10 @@ export const useSettingsStore = defineStore("settings", () => {
     const savedActive = savedSelection?.active;
     const savedConfig = savedActive ? aiConfigs.value.find((config) => config.id === savedActive.configId) : undefined;
     if (savedConfig && savedActive?.modelId.trim()) {
-      activeModel.value = { configId: savedConfig.id, modelId: savedActive.modelId.trim() };
+      activeModel.value = {
+        configId: savedConfig.id,
+        modelId: savedActive.modelId.trim(),
+      };
     } else {
       const fallback = aiConfigs.value.find((config) => config.isDefault) || aiConfigs.value[0];
       activeModel.value = fallback?.model.trim() ? { configId: fallback.id, modelId: fallback.model.trim() } : null;
@@ -1175,7 +1229,10 @@ export const useSettingsStore = defineStore("settings", () => {
     await api.saveAiConfigItem(normalized);
     aiConfigs.value.push(normalized);
     if (aiConfigs.value.length === 1 && normalized.model.trim()) {
-      activeModel.value = { configId: normalized.id, modelId: normalized.model };
+      activeModel.value = {
+        configId: normalized.id,
+        modelId: normalized.model,
+      };
       persistAiChatSelection();
     }
   }
@@ -1214,7 +1271,10 @@ export const useSettingsStore = defineStore("settings", () => {
   }
 
   function updateActiveModel(model: { configId: string; modelId: string }) {
-    activeModel.value = { configId: model.configId, modelId: model.modelId.trim() };
+    activeModel.value = {
+      configId: model.configId,
+      modelId: model.modelId.trim(),
+    };
     persistAiChatSelection();
   }
 
@@ -1412,7 +1472,9 @@ export const useSettingsStore = defineStore("settings", () => {
   }
 
   function deleteCustomColumnFormatter(id: string) {
-    const customColumnFormatters = { ...editorSettings.value.customColumnFormatters };
+    const customColumnFormatters = {
+      ...editorSettings.value.customColumnFormatters,
+    };
     delete customColumnFormatters[id];
     const columnFormatters = Object.fromEntries(
       Object.entries(editorSettings.value.columnFormatters).filter(([, formatter]) => {