From ed1e36912c7b728d8145b37d162fb354c3e08197 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fernando Possebon <possebon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 16:06:36 -0300
Subject: [PATCH] feat(explain): add plan canvas with actual execution plans

---
 .../components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue | 327 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../components/explain/ExplainPlanViewer.vue  |  25 +-
 .../__tests__/ExplainPlanDiagram.spec.ts      | 238 +++++++++++++
 .../__tests__/ExplainPlanViewer.spec.ts       |  32 +-
 .../src/components/layout/EditorToolbar.vue   |  42 ++-
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts           |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts           |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts           |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts           |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts           |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts        |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts        |  24 ++
 apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts        |  24 ++
 .../query/postgresExplainPlan.spec.ts         | 141 ++++++++
 .../query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts         | 154 +++++++++
 apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/http.ts          |   2 +-
 apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/tauri.ts         |   4 +-
 .../lib/diagram/__tests__/planCanvas.spec.ts  | 245 +++++++++++++
 apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/explainPlan.ts   |  95 ++++-
 apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/planCanvas.ts    | 164 +++++++++
 .../queryStore.postgresExplain.spec.ts        | 154 +++++++++
 .../queryStore.sqlserverExplain.spec.ts       |  36 ++
 apps/desktop/src/stores/queryStore.ts         |  30 +-
 crates/dbx-core/src/agent_tools.rs            |   8 +-
 crates/dbx-core/src/db/postgres.rs            | 148 ++++++++
 crates/dbx-core/src/db/sqlserver.rs           |  14 +-
 crates/dbx-core/src/query.rs                  |  83 ++++-
 crates/dbx-core/src/query_execution_sql.rs    | 190 +++++++++-
 28 files changed, 2281 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanDiagram.spec.ts
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/postgresExplainPlan.spec.ts
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/__tests__/planCanvas.spec.ts
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/planCanvas.ts
 create mode 100644 apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.postgresExplain.spec.ts

diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3bf4623a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed, nextTick, onBeforeUnmount, ref, watch } from "vue";
+import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";
+import { ArrowDownWideNarrow, CircleHelp, GitMerge, KeyRound, Layers, ListTree, Maximize2, MonitorCheck, Pencil, Sigma, Split, Table2, ZoomIn, ZoomOut } from "@lucide/vue";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import type { ExplainPlanNode } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import type { PlanCanvasCategory, PlanCanvasNode } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
+import { buildPlanCanvas, edgeStrokeWidth, formatPlanRows, heatLevel, PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_X, PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H, PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  nodes: ExplainPlanNode[];
+}>();
+
+const { t } = useI18n();
+
+const CATEGORY_COLORS: Record<PlanCanvasCategory, string> = {
+  result: "#a78bfa",
+  sort: "#38bdf8",
+  join: "#f472b6",
+  tscan: "#fb923c",
+  iscan: "#34d399",
+  lookup: "#2dd4bf",
+  mat: "#94a3b8",
+  agg: "#c084fc",
+  xchg: "#facc15",
+  mod: "#f87171",
+  other: "var(--muted-foreground)",
+};
+
+const CATEGORY_ICONS = {
+  result: MonitorCheck,
+  sort: ArrowDownWideNarrow,
+  join: GitMerge,
+  tscan: Table2,
+  iscan: ListTree,
+  lookup: KeyRound,
+  mat: Layers,
+  agg: Sigma,
+  xchg: Split,
+  mod: Pencil,
+  other: CircleHelp,
+} as const;
+
+const CATEGORY_LABEL_KEYS: Record<PlanCanvasCategory, string> = {
+  result: "explain.catResult",
+  sort: "explain.catSort",
+  join: "explain.catJoin",
+  tscan: "explain.catTscan",
+  iscan: "explain.catIscan",
+  lookup: "explain.catLookup",
+  mat: "explain.catMat",
+  agg: "explain.catAgg",
+  xchg: "explain.catXchg",
+  mod: "explain.catMod",
+  other: "explain.catOther",
+};
+
+const HEAT_COLORS = {
+  none: "var(--muted-foreground)",
+  cool: "#22c55e",
+  warm: "#f59e0b",
+  hot: "#ef4444",
+} as const;
+
+const HEAT_BADGE_CLASSES = {
+  none: "bg-muted text-muted-foreground",
+  cool: "bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-300",
+  warm: "bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 dark:bg-amber-900/30 dark:text-amber-300",
+  hot: "bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-300",
+} as const;
+
+const MIN_ZOOM = 0.5;
+const MAX_ZOOM = 1.6;
+const FIT_ZOOM = 1.3;
+
+const layout = computed(() => buildPlanCanvas(props.nodes));
+const viewport = ref<HTMLElement>();
+const zoom = ref(1);
+const selectedIndex = ref(-1);
+
+const hottest = computed(() => {
+  let best: PlanCanvasNode | undefined;
+  for (const node of layout.value.nodes) {
+    if (best === undefined || (node.costShare ?? -1) > (best.costShare ?? -1)) best = node;
+  }
+  return best;
+});
+const selected = computed(() => layout.value.nodes[selectedIndex.value] ?? hottest.value);
+
+const edges = computed(() =>
+  layout.value.edges.map((edge) => {
+    const startX = edge.from.x + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W;
+    const startY = edge.from.y + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H / 2;
+    const endY = edge.to.y + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H / 2;
+    const elbowX = edge.to.x - PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_X / 2;
+    return {
+      key: `${edge.from.node.id}->${edge.to.node.id}`,
+      path: `M ${startX} ${startY} H ${elbowX} V ${endY} H ${edge.to.x}`,
+      width: edgeStrokeWidth(edge.rows),
+      label: formatPlanRows(edge.rows),
+      labelX: edge.to.x - 8,
+      labelY: endY - 8,
+    };
+  }),
+);
+
+interface DetailEntry {
+  label?: string;
+  value: string;
+}
+
+const selectedDetails = computed<DetailEntry[]>(() =>
+  (selected.value?.node.details ?? [])
+    .map((detail): DetailEntry => {
+      const separatorIndex = detail.indexOf(":");
+      if (separatorIndex === -1) return { value: detail.trim() };
+      const label = detail.slice(0, separatorIndex).trim();
+      return { label: label || undefined, value: detail.slice(separatorIndex + 1).trim() };
+    })
+    .filter((detail) => detail.label || detail.value),
+);
+
+function categoryColor(category: PlanCanvasCategory): string {
+  return CATEGORY_COLORS[category];
+}
+
+function iconTint(category: PlanCanvasCategory): string {
+  return `color-mix(in srgb, ${categoryColor(category)} 18%, transparent)`;
+}
+
+function costPercent(share?: number): string {
+  return share === undefined ? "" : `${(share * 100).toFixed(1)}%`;
+}
+
+/** Flags a node whose measured rows are at least 2x off the estimate. */
+function rowMismatch(node: PlanCanvasNode): string | undefined {
+  if (node.actualRows === undefined || !node.rows) return undefined;
+  const ratio = node.actualRows / node.rows;
+  return ratio >= 2 || ratio <= 0.5 ? `×${ratio.toFixed(1)}` : undefined;
+}
+
+function select(index: number) {
+  selectedIndex.value = index;
+}
+
+function setZoom(value: number) {
+  zoom.value = Math.min(MAX_ZOOM, Math.max(MIN_ZOOM, Number(value.toFixed(2))));
+}
+
+function zoomIn() {
+  setZoom(zoom.value + 0.15);
+}
+
+function zoomOut() {
+  setZoom(zoom.value - 0.15);
+}
+
+function fit() {
+  const element = viewport.value;
+  const { width, height } = layout.value;
+  if (!element || !width || !height || !element.clientWidth || !element.clientHeight) return;
+  setZoom(Math.min(element.clientWidth / width, element.clientHeight / height, FIT_ZOOM));
+}
+
+let panOrigin: { x: number; y: number; left: number; top: number } | undefined;
+
+function stopPan() {
+  panOrigin = undefined;
+  window.removeEventListener("mousemove", onPanMove);
+  window.removeEventListener("mouseup", stopPan);
+}
+
+function onPanMove(event: MouseEvent) {
+  const element = viewport.value;
+  if (!panOrigin || !element) return;
+  element.scrollLeft = panOrigin.left - (event.clientX - panOrigin.x);
+  element.scrollTop = panOrigin.top - (event.clientY - panOrigin.y);
+}
+
+function startPan(event: MouseEvent) {
+  const element = viewport.value;
+  if (!element || (event.target as HTMLElement | null)?.closest("[data-plan-node]")) return;
+  panOrigin = { x: event.clientX, y: event.clientY, left: element.scrollLeft, top: element.scrollTop };
+  window.addEventListener("mousemove", onPanMove);
+  window.addEventListener("mouseup", stopPan);
+}
+
+onBeforeUnmount(stopPan);
+
+watch(
+  () => props.nodes,
+  () => {
+    selectedIndex.value = -1;
+    void nextTick(fit);
+  },
+  { immediate: true },
+);
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="flex h-full min-h-0 min-w-0">
+    <div class="flex min-h-0 min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col">
+      <div class="flex h-8 shrink-0 items-center gap-1 border-b px-2">
+        <span class="flex-1" />
+        <Button variant="ghost" size="xs" class="h-6 px-1.5" :aria-label="t('explain.zoomOut')" :title="t('explain.zoomOut')" @click="zoomOut">
+          <ZoomOut class="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
+        </Button>
+        <Button variant="ghost" size="xs" class="h-6 px-1.5" :aria-label="t('explain.zoomFit')" :title="t('explain.zoomFit')" @click="fit">
+          <Maximize2 class="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
+        </Button>
+        <Button variant="ghost" size="xs" class="h-6 px-1.5" :aria-label="t('explain.zoomIn')" :title="t('explain.zoomIn')" @click="zoomIn">
+          <ZoomIn class="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
+        </Button>
+        <span class="ml-1 w-10 text-right font-mono text-[11px] tabular-nums text-muted-foreground">{{ Math.round(zoom * 100) }}%</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div
+        ref="viewport"
+        class="relative min-h-0 flex-1 cursor-grab overflow-auto active:cursor-grabbing"
+        :style="{
+          backgroundImage: 'linear-gradient(color-mix(in srgb, var(--border) 70%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, color-mix(in srgb, var(--border) 70%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px)',
+          backgroundSize: '28px 28px, 28px 28px',
+        }"
+        @mousedown="startPan"
+      >
+        <div :style="{ width: `${layout.width * zoom}px`, height: `${layout.height * zoom}px` }">
+          <div class="relative origin-top-left" :style="{ width: `${layout.width}px`, height: `${layout.height}px`, transform: `scale(${zoom})` }">
+            <svg data-plan-edges class="pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 overflow-visible text-muted-foreground/70" :width="layout.width" :height="layout.height" aria-hidden="true">
+              <path v-for="edge in edges" :key="edge.key" :d="edge.path" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round" :stroke-width="edge.width" />
+              <text v-for="edge in edges" :key="`${edge.key}-label`" :x="edge.labelX" :y="edge.labelY" text-anchor="end" class="fill-muted-foreground font-mono text-[10px]">{{ edge.label }}</text>
+            </svg>
+
+            <button
+              v-for="(item, index) in layout.nodes"
+              :key="`${item.node.id}-${index}`"
+              type="button"
+              data-plan-node
+              :aria-pressed="selected === item"
+              class="absolute flex flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-lg border bg-card py-1.5 pr-2.5 pl-3 text-left transition-shadow hover:shadow-md"
+              :class="selected === item ? 'border-ring ring-2 ring-ring/30' : ''"
+              :style="{ left: `${item.x}px`, top: `${item.y}px`, width: `${PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W}px`, height: `${PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H}px` }"
+              @click="select(index)"
+            >
+              <span class="absolute inset-y-0 left-0 w-[3px] rounded-l-lg" :style="{ background: HEAT_COLORS[heatLevel(item.costShare)] }" aria-hidden="true" />
+
+              <span class="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1.5">
+                <span class="flex h-5 w-5 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded" :style="{ background: iconTint(item.category), color: categoryColor(item.category) }">
+                  <component :is="CATEGORY_ICONS[item.category]" class="h-3 w-3" aria-hidden="true" />
+                </span>
+                <span class="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate text-xs font-semibold">{{ item.node.nodeType || item.node.title }}</span>
+                <span v-if="item.costShare !== undefined" class="shrink-0 rounded px-1 font-mono text-[10px] font-semibold tabular-nums" :class="HEAT_BADGE_CLASSES[heatLevel(item.costShare)]">
+                  {{ costPercent(item.costShare) }}
+                </span>
+              </span>
+
+              <span class="mt-1 truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">
+                {{ item.node.relation || " " }}
+                <span v-if="item.node.index" :style="{ color: CATEGORY_COLORS.iscan }">[{{ item.node.index }}]</span>
+              </span>
+
+              <span class="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 font-mono text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">
+                <span class="truncate">{{ t("explain.estRows") }} {{ formatPlanRows(item.rows) }}</span>
+                <span v-if="rowMismatch(item)" class="ml-auto shrink-0 font-semibold text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">{{ rowMismatch(item) }}</span>
+              </span>
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div class="flex shrink-0 flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-1 border-t px-3 py-1 text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+        <span>{{ t("explain.legendHeat") }}</span>
+        <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><span class="h-2 w-2 rounded-[2px]" :style="{ background: HEAT_COLORS.cool }" />&lt; 5%</span>
+        <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><span class="h-2 w-2 rounded-[2px]" :style="{ background: HEAT_COLORS.warm }" />5–20%</span>
+        <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><span class="h-2 w-2 rounded-[2px]" :style="{ background: HEAT_COLORS.hot }" />&gt; 20%</span>
+        <span class="ml-2">{{ t("explain.legendEdge") }}</span>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <aside class="hidden w-72 shrink-0 flex-col overflow-auto border-l md:flex">
+      <template v-if="selected">
+        <div class="border-b p-3">
+          <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <span class="flex h-6 w-6 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded" :style="{ background: iconTint(selected.category), color: categoryColor(selected.category) }">
+              <component :is="CATEGORY_ICONS[selected.category]" class="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
+            </span>
+            <div class="min-w-0">
+              <div class="truncate text-sm font-semibold">{{ selected.node.nodeType || selected.node.title }}</div>
+              <div class="text-[11px] font-medium" :style="{ color: categoryColor(selected.category) }">{{ t(CATEGORY_LABEL_KEYS[selected.category]) }}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div v-if="selected.node.relation || selected.node.index" class="mt-2 truncate font-mono text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+            {{ selected.node.relation }}<template v-if="selected.node.index"> [{{ selected.node.index }}]</template>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="grid grid-cols-2 border-b text-xs">
+          <div class="border-r border-b p-2">
+            <div class="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.costShare") }}</div>
+            <div class="font-mono font-semibold tabular-nums" :style="{ color: HEAT_COLORS[heatLevel(selected.costShare)] }">{{ costPercent(selected.costShare) || "—" }}</div>
+          </div>
+          <div class="border-b p-2">
+            <div class="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.cost") }}</div>
+            <div class="truncate font-mono font-semibold tabular-nums">{{ selected.node.cost || "—" }}</div>
+          </div>
+          <div class="border-r p-2">
+            <div class="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.estRows") }}</div>
+            <div class="font-mono font-semibold tabular-nums">{{ formatPlanRows(selected.rows) }}</div>
+          </div>
+          <div class="p-2">
+            <div class="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.actualRows") }}</div>
+            <div class="font-mono font-semibold tabular-nums" :class="rowMismatch(selected) ? 'text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400' : ''">{{ formatPlanRows(selected.actualRows) }}</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div v-if="selectedDetails.length" class="min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-auto p-3">
+          <div class="mb-2 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.details") }}</div>
+          <div v-for="(detail, index) in selectedDetails" :key="index" class="space-y-1 border-b py-2 first:pt-0 last:border-b-0 last:pb-0">
+            <div v-if="detail.label" class="text-[11px] font-medium">{{ detail.label }}</div>
+            <div class="select-text whitespace-pre-wrap break-words font-mono text-[11px] leading-5 text-muted-foreground">{{ detail.value }}</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </template>
+
+      <div v-else class="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center p-3 text-xs text-muted-foreground">{{ t("explain.inspectorEmpty") }}</div>
+    </aside>
+  </div>
+</template>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanViewer.vue b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanViewer.vue
index e12630319c..1bd46b08f5 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanViewer.vue
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/ExplainPlanViewer.vue
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, ref, watch } from "vue";
 import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";
-import { AlertCircle, Braces, GitBranch, Table2, FileText } from "@lucide/vue";
+import { AlertCircle, Braces, GitBranch, Table2, FileText, Workflow } from "@lucide/vue";
 import type { ParsedExplainPlan, ExplainPlanNode } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
 import { flattenExplainPlanNodes } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import { extractActualRows } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import type { QueryResult } from "@/types/database";
 import ExplainPlanNodeTree from "./ExplainPlanNodeTree.vue";
+import ExplainPlanDiagram from "./ExplainPlanDiagram.vue";
 
 const props = defineProps<{
   plan?: ParsedExplainPlan;
@@ -19,13 +21,13 @@ const props = defineProps<{
 }>();
 
 const { t } = useI18n();
-const activeView = ref<"tree" | "summary" | "raw" | "table">("tree");
+const activeView = ref<"canvas" | "tree" | "summary" | "raw" | "table">("canvas");
 const hasTableView = computed(() => !!props.tableResult || !!props.tableError);
 
 watch(
   [hasTableView, () => !!props.tableResult, () => !!props.plan, () => props.loading],
   ([available, hasTableResult, hasPlan, loading]) => {
-    if (!available && activeView.value === "table") activeView.value = "tree";
+    if (!available && activeView.value === "table") activeView.value = "canvas";
     // Wait for JSON EXPLAIN to finish so regular MySQL still defaults to its visual tree.
     if (!loading && hasTableResult && !hasPlan) activeView.value = "table";
   },
@@ -53,6 +55,14 @@ const rawContent = computed(() => {
 const isRawString = computed(() => typeof props.plan?.raw === "string");
 const rawFormatLabel = computed(() => (props.plan?.databaseType === "sqlserver" ? "XML" : isRawString.value ? "TEXT" : "JSON"));
 const nodeCount = computed(() => (props.plan ? flattenExplainPlanNodes(props.plan.nodes).length : 0));
+// Measured rows exist only when the plan was produced by a mode that ran the query:
+// EXPLAIN ANALYZE on Postgres, SET STATISTICS XML on SQL Server.
+const measuredRowsLabel = computed(() => {
+  const databaseType = props.plan?.databaseType;
+  if (databaseType !== "postgres" && databaseType !== "sqlserver") return undefined;
+  if (!flattenExplainPlanNodes(props.plan!.nodes).some((node) => extractActualRows(node) !== undefined)) return undefined;
+  return databaseType === "sqlserver" ? "ACTUAL" : "ANALYZE";
+});
 
 function tableCellText(value: unknown): string {
   if (value === null) return "NULL";
@@ -71,8 +81,13 @@ function tableCellText(value: unknown): string {
         {{ plan?.databaseType.toUpperCase() || "MYSQL" }}<template v-if="plan"> · {{ t("explain.nodeCount", { count: nodeCount }) }}</template>
       </span>
       <span v-if="plan?.databaseType === 'dameng' && isRawString && rawContent.includes('->')" class="ml-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded bg-green-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 font-semibold text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-300" style="font-size: 10px">A-TRACE</span>
+      <span v-if="measuredRowsLabel" class="ml-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded bg-green-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 font-semibold text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-300" style="font-size: 10px">{{ measuredRowsLabel }}</span>
       <span class="flex-1" />
       <div v-if="plan || hasTableView" class="inline-flex rounded-md border bg-muted/40 p-0.5">
+        <Button v-if="plan" size="sm" :variant="activeView === 'canvas' ? 'secondary' : 'ghost'" class="h-6 px-2 text-xs gap-1" @click="activeView = 'canvas'">
+          <Workflow class="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+          {{ t("explain.canvas") }}
+        </Button>
         <Button v-if="plan" size="sm" :variant="activeView === 'tree' ? 'secondary' : 'ghost'" class="h-6 px-2 text-xs gap-1" @click="activeView = 'tree'">
           <GitBranch class="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
           {{ t("explain.tree") }}
@@ -136,6 +151,10 @@ function tableCellText(value: unknown): string {
       {{ t("explain.empty") }}
     </div>
 
+    <div v-else-if="activeView === 'canvas'" class="flex-1 min-h-0">
+      <ExplainPlanDiagram :nodes="plan.nodes" />
+    </div>
+
     <div v-else class="flex-1 min-h-0 overflow-auto">
       <div v-if="activeView === 'tree'" class="mx-auto max-w-5xl space-y-px p-2">
         <ExplainPlanNodeTree v-for="node in plan.nodes" :key="node.id" :node="node" />
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanDiagram.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanDiagram.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72ece92f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanDiagram.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { createApp, defineComponent, h, nextTick, type App } from "vue";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
+import type { ExplainPlanNode } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import { parseExplainResult } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import type { QueryResult } from "@/types/database";
+import ExplainPlanDiagram from "@/components/explain/ExplainPlanDiagram.vue";
+
+function planNode(node: Partial<ExplainPlanNode> & { id: string; nodeType: string }): ExplainPlanNode {
+  return { title: node.nodeType, details: [], children: [], ...node };
+}
+
+// root(Limit) → Sort → Hash Join → [Seq Scan, Hash → Index Scan]
+function postgresPlan(): ExplainPlanNode[] {
+  return [
+    planNode({
+      id: "0",
+      nodeType: "Limit",
+      cost: "24102.11..24180.37",
+      rows: "100",
+      children: [
+        planNode({
+          id: "0.0",
+          nodeType: "Sort",
+          cost: "24000.00..24102.11",
+          rows: "42000",
+          details: ["Sort: o.created_at DESC", "Actual Rows: 84000"],
+          children: [
+            planNode({
+              id: "0.0.0",
+              nodeType: "Hash Join",
+              cost: "0.29..23800.00",
+              rows: "42000",
+              details: ["Join: Inner"],
+              children: [
+                planNode({ id: "0.0.0.0", nodeType: "Seq Scan", relation: "orders", cost: "0.00..18000.00", rows: "1200000", details: ["Filter: created_at >= '2026-01-01'"] }),
+                planNode({
+                  id: "0.0.0.1",
+                  nodeType: "Hash",
+                  cost: "0.29..1200.00",
+                  rows: "18500",
+                  children: [planNode({ id: "0.0.0.1.0", nodeType: "Index Scan", relation: "customers", index: "idx_customers_region", cost: "0.29..1100.00", rows: "18500" })],
+                }),
+              ],
+            }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      ],
+    }),
+  ];
+}
+
+const mountedApps: App[] = [];
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  i18n.global.locale.value = "en";
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  for (const app of mountedApps.splice(0)) app.unmount();
+  document.body.innerHTML = "";
+});
+
+async function mountDiagram(nodes: ExplainPlanNode[] = postgresPlan()) {
+  const container = document.createElement("div");
+  document.body.append(container);
+  const app = createApp(
+    defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        return () => h(ExplainPlanDiagram, { nodes });
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+  mountedApps.push(app);
+  app.use(i18n);
+  app.mount(container);
+  await nextTick();
+}
+
+function cards(): HTMLElement[] {
+  return [...document.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>("[data-plan-node]")];
+}
+
+function cardFor(operator: string): HTMLElement {
+  const card = cards().find((element) => element.textContent?.includes(operator));
+  if (!card) throw new Error(`No card rendered for ${operator}`);
+  return card;
+}
+
+function inspectorText(): string {
+  return document.querySelector("aside")?.textContent ?? "";
+}
+
+describe("ExplainPlanDiagram", () => {
+  it("renders one card per plan node and one edge per parent-child link", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram();
+
+    expect(cards()).toHaveLength(6);
+    expect(document.querySelectorAll("[data-plan-edges] path")).toHaveLength(5);
+    expect(document.querySelectorAll("[data-plan-edges] text")).toHaveLength(5);
+  });
+
+  it("shows the cost share badge on nodes with a numeric cost", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram();
+
+    // Self-cost of the sequential scan is 18000 of the plan's 24180.37 total.
+    expect(cardFor("Seq Scan").textContent).toContain("74.4%");
+    expect(cardFor("Seq Scan").textContent).toContain("orders");
+    expect(cardFor("Index Scan").textContent).toContain("idx_customers_region");
+  });
+
+  it("omits the cost badge when the engine reports no cost", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram([planNode({ id: "0", nodeType: "Plan", details: ["explain plan text"] })]);
+
+    expect(cards()).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(cards()[0].textContent).not.toContain("%");
+  });
+
+  it("flags a node whose actual rows are at least twice the estimate", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram();
+
+    expect(cardFor("Sort").textContent).toContain("×2.0");
+    expect(cardFor("Index Scan").textContent).not.toContain("×");
+  });
+
+  it("preselects the costliest node and follows a click to another card", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram();
+
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("Seq Scan");
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("Table scan");
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("created_at >= '2026-01-01'");
+
+    cardFor("Index Scan").click();
+    await nextTick();
+
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("Index Scan");
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("Index scan");
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("idx_customers_region");
+    expect(inspectorText()).not.toContain("Table scan");
+  });
+
+  it("flags the mismatch on a plan parsed from real EXPLAIN ANALYZE output", async () => {
+    const analyzePlan = [
+      {
+        Plan: {
+          "Node Type": "Sort",
+          "Startup Cost": 24000.0,
+          "Total Cost": 24102.11,
+          "Plan Rows": 42000,
+          "Actual Rows": 96000,
+          "Actual Loops": 1,
+          "Actual Startup Time": 812.44,
+          "Actual Total Time": 851.09,
+          Plans: [{ "Node Type": "Seq Scan", "Relation Name": "orders", "Startup Cost": 0.0, "Total Cost": 18000.0, "Plan Rows": 1200000, "Actual Rows": 1187423, "Actual Loops": 1 }],
+        },
+        "Planning Time": 0.482,
+        "Execution Time": 862.104,
+      },
+    ];
+    const result: QueryResult = { columns: ["QUERY PLAN"], rows: [[JSON.stringify(analyzePlan)]], affected_rows: 0, execution_time_ms: 1 };
+
+    await mountDiagram(parseExplainResult("postgres", result).nodes);
+
+    // 96000 measured against 42000 estimated is a 2.3x overrun.
+    expect(cardFor("Sort").textContent).toContain("×2.3");
+    // The scan landed within 1% of its estimate, so it stays unflagged.
+    expect(cardFor("Seq Scan").textContent).not.toContain("×");
+
+    // Planning/Execution time live on the root node, which is not the costliest one.
+    cardFor("Sort").click();
+    await nextTick();
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("Planning Time");
+    expect(inspectorText()).toContain("862.104 ms");
+  });
+
+  // Detail strings mirror what parseSqlServerRelOp emits for SET STATISTICS XML;
+  // see lib/__tests__/query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts for the parser contract.
+  it("does not flag a SQL Server node whose cumulative rows only look like an overrun", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram([
+      planNode({
+        id: "0",
+        nodeType: "Nested Loops",
+        cost: "1.2",
+        rows: "1000",
+        details: ["Actual Rows: 1000", "Actual Threads: 3", "Actual Executions: 3"],
+        children: [
+          planNode({
+            id: "1",
+            nodeType: "Index Seek",
+            relation: "dbo.orders",
+            cost: "0.85",
+            rows: "10",
+            // 1000 cumulative rows over 100 executions is 10 per execution, exactly
+            // the estimate. Comparing the raw total would report a bogus x100.
+            details: ["Actual Rows: 1000", "Actual Threads: 3", "Actual Executions: 100", "Actual Rows Per Execution: 10"],
+          }),
+        ],
+      }),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(cardFor("Index Seek").textContent).not.toContain("×");
+    expect(cardFor("Nested Loops").textContent).not.toContain("×");
+  });
+
+  it("still flags a SQL Server node that misestimates per execution", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram([
+      planNode({
+        id: "0",
+        nodeType: "Index Seek",
+        relation: "dbo.orders",
+        cost: "0.85",
+        rows: "10",
+        details: ["Actual Rows: 5000", "Actual Executions: 100", "Actual Rows Per Execution: 50"],
+      }),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(cardFor("Index Seek").textContent).toContain("×5.0");
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the zoom controls inside their range", async () => {
+    await mountDiagram();
+
+    const zoomOut = document.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('button[aria-label="Zoom out"]');
+    const zoomIn = document.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('button[aria-label="Zoom in"]');
+    expect(zoomOut && zoomIn).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("100%");
+
+    for (let step = 0; step < 10; step += 1) zoomOut?.click();
+    await nextTick();
+    expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("50%");
+
+    for (let step = 0; step < 20; step += 1) zoomIn?.click();
+    await nextTick();
+    expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("160%");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanViewer.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanViewer.spec.ts
index da41ee61cc..54a5bb702c 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanViewer.spec.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/explain/__tests__/ExplainPlanViewer.spec.ts
@@ -11,8 +11,36 @@ describe("ExplainPlanViewer MySQL fallback", () => {
     expect(viewerSource).toContain("{ immediate: true },");
   });
 
-  it("keeps the regular tree default when the visual plan arrives", () => {
+  it("keeps the canvas default when the visual plan arrives", () => {
     expect(viewerSource).toContain('if (!loading && hasTableResult && !hasPlan) activeView.value = "table";');
-    expect(viewerSource).toContain('if (!available && activeView.value === "table") activeView.value = "tree";');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('if (!available && activeView.value === "table") activeView.value = "canvas";');
+  });
+});
+
+describe("ExplainPlanViewer canvas view", () => {
+  it("opens on the canvas and keeps the other views reachable", () => {
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('const activeView = ref<"canvas" | "tree" | "summary" | "raw" | "table">("canvas");');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('<ExplainPlanDiagram :nodes="plan.nodes" />');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('import ExplainPlanDiagram from "./ExplainPlanDiagram.vue";');
+    for (const view of ["canvas", "tree", "summary", "raw", "table"]) {
+      expect(viewerSource, view).toContain(`activeView = '${view}'`);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("derives the measured-rows chip from parsed nodes, not the raw plan text", () => {
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('import { extractActualRows } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain("const measuredRowsLabel = computed(() => {");
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('if (databaseType !== "postgres" && databaseType !== "sqlserver") return undefined;');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain("if (!flattenExplainPlanNodes(props.plan!.nodes).some((node) => extractActualRows(node) !== undefined)) return undefined;");
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('return databaseType === "sqlserver" ? "ACTUAL" : "ANALYZE";');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain('<span v-if="measuredRowsLabel"');
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain("{{ measuredRowsLabel }}</span>");
+    // The Dameng A-TRACE chip keeps its own raw-text condition.
+    expect(viewerSource).toContain("plan?.databaseType === 'dameng' && isRawString && rawContent.includes('->')");
+  });
+
+  it("puts the canvas tab first in the view switcher", () => {
+    const tabOrder = [...viewerSource.matchAll(/@click="activeView = '(\w+)'"/g)].map((match) => match[1]);
+    expect(tabOrder).toEqual(["canvas", "tree", "summary", "raw", "table"]);
   });
 });
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/layout/EditorToolbar.vue b/apps/desktop/src/components/layout/EditorToolbar.vue
index dc7ecd1fa8..9fc8044903 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/components/layout/EditorToolbar.vue
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/layout/EditorToolbar.vue
@@ -104,6 +104,18 @@ const supportsTransaction = computed(() => supportsTransactionFeature(props.acti
 const hasDefaultDatabaseOption = computed(() => activeDatabaseOptions.value.includes(""));
 const schemaDatabaseKey = computed(() => props.activeTab.database || (isSingleDb.value ? "_" : ""));
 const saveTooltip = computed(() => (props.activeTab.objectSource ? t("objects.saveSource") : t("toolbar.saveSql")));
+// DM calls it autotrace, Postgres EXPLAIN ANALYZE, SQL Server the actual execution
+// plan (SET STATISTICS XML); all three execute the statement.
+const supportsExplainAnalyze = computed(() => {
+  const dbType = props.activeConnection?.db_type;
+  return dbType === "dameng" || dbType === "postgres" || dbType === "sqlserver";
+});
+const explainAnalyzeTooltip = computed(() => {
+  const dbType = props.activeConnection?.db_type;
+  if (dbType === "postgres") return t("toolbar.explainAnalyze");
+  if (dbType === "sqlserver") return t("toolbar.actualPlan");
+  return t("toolbar.autotrace");
+});
 const canSaveSql = computed(() => !!props.activeTab.externalSqlPath || !!props.activeTab.sql.trim());
 const keywordCaseIsLower = computed(() => props.sqlKeywordCase === "lower");
 const keywordCaseToggleTooltip = computed(() => (keywordCaseIsLower.value ? t("toolbar.keywordCaseUpper") : t("toolbar.keywordCaseLower")));
@@ -242,18 +254,24 @@ async function changeCatalog(selectedCatalog: string) {
         </TooltipTrigger>
         <TooltipContent>{{ activeTab.isExplaining ? t("toolbar.stopExplain") : t("toolbar.explainPlan") }}</TooltipContent>
       </Tooltip>
-      <!-- Autotrace toggle (only for DM) -->
-      <Button
-        v-if="activeConnection?.db_type === 'dameng'"
-        variant="ghost"
-        size="icon"
-        class="h-6 w-6"
-        :class="props.explainMode === 'autotrace' ? 'text-green-600 bg-green-100 dark:text-green-300 dark:bg-green-900/30' : 'text-muted-foreground/50'"
-        :disabled="activeTab.isExecuting"
-        @click="emit('update:explainMode', props.explainMode === 'autotrace' ? 'explain' : 'autotrace')"
-      >
-        <span class="font-bold" style="font-size: 9px">A</span>
-      </Button>
+      <!-- Autotrace (DM) / EXPLAIN ANALYZE (Postgres) / actual plan (SQL Server) toggle -->
+      <Tooltip v-if="supportsExplainAnalyze">
+        <TooltipTrigger as-child>
+          <Button
+            variant="ghost"
+            size="icon"
+            class="h-6 w-6"
+            :class="props.explainMode === 'autotrace' ? 'text-green-600 bg-green-100 dark:text-green-300 dark:bg-green-900/30' : 'text-muted-foreground/50'"
+            :disabled="activeTab.isExecuting"
+            :aria-label="explainAnalyzeTooltip"
+            :aria-pressed="props.explainMode === 'autotrace'"
+            @click="emit('update:explainMode', props.explainMode === 'autotrace' ? 'explain' : 'autotrace')"
+          >
+            <span class="font-bold" style="font-size: 9px">A</span>
+          </Button>
+        </TooltipTrigger>
+        <TooltipContent>{{ explainAnalyzeTooltip }}</TooltipContent>
+      </Tooltip>
       <!-- Transaction toggle -->
       <Tooltip v-if="supportsTransaction">
         <TooltipTrigger as-child>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
index b58aff6e3b..3a829c7f64 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ export default {
     stopQuery: "Stop query",
     explainPlan: "Explain plan",
     stopExplain: "Stop explain",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (executes the query)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (executes the query)",
+    actualPlan: "Actual execution plan (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "Format SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "Failed to format SQL",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "Cannot recognize or format the selected content",
@@ -1622,6 +1625,27 @@ export default {
     cost: "Cost",
     rows: "Rows",
     details: "Details",
+    canvas: "Canvas",
+    costShare: "Cost share",
+    estRows: "Est. rows",
+    actualRows: "Actual rows",
+    zoomIn: "Zoom in",
+    zoomOut: "Zoom out",
+    zoomFit: "Fit",
+    legendHeat: "Heat = % of total cost",
+    legendEdge: "Edge width = rows",
+    inspectorEmpty: "Select a node",
+    catResult: "Result",
+    catSort: "Sort",
+    catJoin: "Join",
+    catTscan: "Table scan",
+    catIscan: "Index scan",
+    catLookup: "Row lookup",
+    catMat: "Materialize",
+    catAgg: "Aggregate",
+    catXchg: "Parallelism",
+    catMod: "Modify",
+    catOther: "Other",
     unsupported: "Explain plan is not supported for this database yet",
     emptySql: "No SQL to explain",
     unsafe: "This first version only explains SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES statements",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts
index 4940690aa3..8de78bfe1e 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/es.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "Detener consulta",
     explainPlan: "Plan de ejecución",
     stopExplain: "Detener análisis",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (ejecuta la consulta)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (ejecuta la consulta)",
+    actualPlan: "Plan de ejecución real (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "Formatear SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "Error al formatear el SQL",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "No se pudo reconocer ni formatear el contenido seleccionado",
@@ -1564,6 +1567,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "Costo",
     rows: "Filas",
     details: "Detalles",
+    canvas: "Canvas",
+    costShare: "Costo (%)",
+    estRows: "Filas est.",
+    actualRows: "Filas reales",
+    zoomIn: "Acercar",
+    zoomOut: "Alejar",
+    zoomFit: "Ajustar",
+    legendHeat: "Color = % del costo total",
+    legendEdge: "Grosor = filas",
+    inspectorEmpty: "Selecciona un nodo",
+    catResult: "Resultado",
+    catSort: "Ordenación",
+    catJoin: "Join",
+    catTscan: "Escaneo de tabla",
+    catIscan: "Escaneo de índice",
+    catLookup: "Búsqueda de fila",
+    catMat: "Materialización",
+    catAgg: "Agregación",
+    catXchg: "Paralelismo",
+    catMod: "Modificación",
+    catOther: "Otro",
     unsupported: "El plan de ejecución aún no está disponible para esta base de datos",
     emptySql: "No hay SQL para analizar",
     unsafe: "Esta versión solo analiza sentencias SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts
index 0cd2856568..d7f307f509 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/it.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "Interrompi query",
     explainPlan: "Spiega piano",
     stopExplain: "Interrompi spiegazione",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (esegue la query)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (esegue la query)",
+    actualPlan: "Piano di esecuzione effettivo (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "Formatta SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "Impossibile formattare SQL",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "Impossibile riconoscere o formattare il contenuto selezionato",
@@ -1562,6 +1565,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "Costo",
     rows: "Righe",
     details: "Dettagli",
+    canvas: "Canvas",
+    costShare: "Costo (%)",
+    estRows: "Righe stim.",
+    actualRows: "Righe effettive",
+    zoomIn: "Ingrandisci",
+    zoomOut: "Riduci",
+    zoomFit: "Adatta",
+    legendHeat: "Colore = % del costo totale",
+    legendEdge: "Spessore = righe",
+    inspectorEmpty: "Seleziona un nodo",
+    catResult: "Risultato",
+    catSort: "Ordinamento",
+    catJoin: "Join",
+    catTscan: "Scansione tabella",
+    catIscan: "Scansione indice",
+    catLookup: "Lookup riga",
+    catMat: "Materializzazione",
+    catAgg: "Aggregazione",
+    catXchg: "Parallelismo",
+    catMod: "Modifica",
+    catOther: "Altro",
     unsupported: "Il piano di spiegazione non è ancora supportato per questo database",
     emptySql: "Nessun SQL da spiegare",
     unsafe: "Questa prima versione spiega solo istruzioni SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts
index 0243f95bea..22af552d9a 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "クエリを停止",
     explainPlan: "実行計画を表示",
     stopExplain: "実行計画の表示を停止",
+    autotrace: "オートトレース (クエリを実行します)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (クエリを実行します)",
+    actualPlan: "実際の実行プラン (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "SQLをフォーマット",
     formatSqlFailed: "SQLのフォーマットに失敗しました",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "選択内容を認識またはフォーマットできません",
@@ -1589,6 +1592,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "コスト",
     rows: "行数",
     details: "詳細",
+    canvas: "キャンバス",
+    costShare: "コスト比率",
+    estRows: "推定行数",
+    actualRows: "実際の行数",
+    zoomIn: "拡大",
+    zoomOut: "縮小",
+    zoomFit: "全体表示",
+    legendHeat: "色 = 総コストに占める割合",
+    legendEdge: "線の太さ = 行数",
+    inspectorEmpty: "ノードを選択してください",
+    catResult: "結果",
+    catSort: "ソート",
+    catJoin: "結合",
+    catTscan: "テーブルスキャン",
+    catIscan: "インデックススキャン",
+    catLookup: "行ルックアップ",
+    catMat: "マテリアライズ",
+    catAgg: "集約",
+    catXchg: "並列処理",
+    catMod: "更新",
+    catOther: "その他",
     unsupported: "このデータベースではまだ実行計画をサポートしていません",
     emptySql: "実行計画を表示するSQLがありません",
     unsafe: "この最初のバージョンではSELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES文のみの実行計画を表示します",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts
index 3f54ab7b36..f035d3c56c 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "쿼리 중지",
     explainPlan: "실행 계획",
     stopExplain: "실행 계획 중지",
+    autotrace: "자동 추적 (쿼리를 실행합니다)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (쿼리를 실행합니다)",
+    actualPlan: "실제 실행 계획 (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "SQL 정렬",
     formatSqlFailed: "SQL 정렬에 실패했습니다",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "선택한 내용을 인식하거나 포맷할 수 없습니다",
@@ -1590,6 +1593,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "비용",
     rows: "행",
     details: "상세",
+    canvas: "캔버스",
+    costShare: "비용 비율",
+    estRows: "예상 행",
+    actualRows: "실제 행",
+    zoomIn: "확대",
+    zoomOut: "축소",
+    zoomFit: "맞춤",
+    legendHeat: "색상 = 전체 비용 대비 비율",
+    legendEdge: "선 굵기 = 행 수",
+    inspectorEmpty: "노드를 선택하세요",
+    catResult: "결과",
+    catSort: "정렬",
+    catJoin: "조인",
+    catTscan: "테이블 스캔",
+    catIscan: "인덱스 스캔",
+    catLookup: "행 조회",
+    catMat: "구체화",
+    catAgg: "집계",
+    catXchg: "병렬 처리",
+    catMod: "변경",
+    catOther: "기타",
     unsupported: "이 데이터베이스에서는 아직 실행 계획을 지원하지 않습니다",
     emptySql: "실행 계획을 볼 SQL이 없습니다",
     unsafe: "이 첫 번째 버전은 SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES 구문만 지원합니다",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts
index 32717933e6..88e3b5a125 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/pt-BR.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "Parar consulta",
     explainPlan: "Explicar plano",
     stopExplain: "Parar explicação",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (executa a query)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (executa a query)",
+    actualPlan: "Plano de execução real (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "Formatar SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "Falha ao formatar SQL",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "Não foi possível reconhecer ou formatar o conteúdo selecionado",
@@ -1564,6 +1567,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "Custo",
     rows: "Linhas",
     details: "Detalhes",
+    canvas: "Canvas",
+    costShare: "Custo (%)",
+    estRows: "Linhas est.",
+    actualRows: "Linhas reais",
+    zoomIn: "Aumentar zoom",
+    zoomOut: "Diminuir zoom",
+    zoomFit: "Ajustar",
+    legendHeat: "Cor = % do custo total",
+    legendEdge: "Espessura = linhas",
+    inspectorEmpty: "Selecione um nó",
+    catResult: "Resultado",
+    catSort: "Sort",
+    catJoin: "Join",
+    catTscan: "Table scan",
+    catIscan: "Index scan",
+    catLookup: "Row lookup",
+    catMat: "Materialização",
+    catAgg: "Agregação",
+    catXchg: "Paralelismo",
+    catMod: "Modificação",
+    catOther: "Outro",
     unsupported: "O plano de execução ainda não é suportado para este banco de dados",
     emptySql: "Nenhum SQL para explicar",
     unsafe: "Esta primeira versão explica apenas instruções SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
index cb5ff19cb5..7b755bf6f8 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "停止执行",
     explainPlan: "执行计划",
     stopExplain: "停止执行计划",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (会执行查询)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (会执行查询)",
+    actualPlan: "实际执行计划 (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "格式化 SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "SQL 格式化失败",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "无法识别或格式化所选内容",
@@ -1623,6 +1626,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "Cost",
     rows: "行数",
     details: "详情",
+    canvas: "画布",
+    costShare: "成本占比",
+    estRows: "预估行数",
+    actualRows: "实际行数",
+    zoomIn: "放大",
+    zoomOut: "缩小",
+    zoomFit: "适应窗口",
+    legendHeat: "颜色 = 占总成本比例",
+    legendEdge: "线宽 = 行数",
+    inspectorEmpty: "请选择一个节点",
+    catResult: "结果",
+    catSort: "排序",
+    catJoin: "连接",
+    catTscan: "全表扫描",
+    catIscan: "索引扫描",
+    catLookup: "行查找",
+    catMat: "物化",
+    catAgg: "聚合",
+    catXchg: "并行",
+    catMod: "写入",
+    catOther: "其他",
     unsupported: "当前数据库暂不支持执行计划",
     emptySql: "当前没有可分析的 SQL",
     unsafe: "第一版执行计划仅支持 SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
index 5aa56eabf1..e71fba0b11 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     stopQuery: "停止執行",
     explainPlan: "執行計畫",
     stopExplain: "停止執行計畫",
+    autotrace: "Autotrace (會執行查詢)",
+    explainAnalyze: "EXPLAIN ANALYZE (會執行查詢)",
+    actualPlan: "實際執行計畫 (SET STATISTICS XML)",
     formatSql: "格式化 SQL",
     formatSqlFailed: "SQL 格式化失敗",
     formatAutoDetectFailed: "無法識別或格式化所選內容",
@@ -1563,6 +1566,27 @@ export default withEnglishFallback({
     cost: "成本",
     rows: "筆數",
     details: "詳情",
+    canvas: "畫布",
+    costShare: "成本佔比",
+    estRows: "預估筆數",
+    actualRows: "實際筆數",
+    zoomIn: "放大",
+    zoomOut: "縮小",
+    zoomFit: "符合視窗",
+    legendHeat: "顏色 = 佔總成本比例",
+    legendEdge: "線寬 = 筆數",
+    inspectorEmpty: "請選擇一個節點",
+    catResult: "結果",
+    catSort: "排序",
+    catJoin: "連結",
+    catTscan: "全表掃描",
+    catIscan: "索引掃描",
+    catLookup: "資料列查找",
+    catMat: "具體化",
+    catAgg: "彙總",
+    catXchg: "平行處理",
+    catMod: "寫入",
+    catOther: "其他",
     unsupported: "目前資料庫暫不支援執行計畫",
     emptySql: "目前沒有可分析的 SQL",
     unsafe: "第一版執行計畫僅支援 SELECT / WITH / TABLE / VALUES",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/postgresExplainPlan.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/postgresExplainPlan.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bc38e756d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/postgresExplainPlan.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { flattenExplainPlanNodes, parseExplainResult } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import { extractActualRows } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
+import type { QueryResult } from "@/types/database";
+
+function explainResult(plan: unknown): QueryResult {
+  return { columns: ["QUERY PLAN"], rows: [[JSON.stringify(plan)]], affected_rows: 0, execution_time_ms: 1 };
+}
+
+const ANALYZE_PLAN = [
+  {
+    Plan: {
+      "Node Type": "Sort",
+      "Startup Cost": 24000.0,
+      "Total Cost": 24102.11,
+      "Plan Rows": 42000,
+      "Plan Width": 96,
+      "Actual Startup Time": 812.44,
+      "Actual Total Time": 851.09,
+      "Actual Rows": 84000,
+      "Actual Loops": 1,
+      "Sort Key": ["o.created_at DESC"],
+      Plans: [
+        {
+          "Node Type": "Hash Join",
+          "Join Type": "Inner",
+          "Startup Cost": 0.29,
+          "Total Cost": 23800.0,
+          "Plan Rows": 42000,
+          "Actual Startup Time": 12.5,
+          "Actual Total Time": 700.25,
+          "Actual Rows": 84000,
+          "Actual Loops": 1,
+          Plans: [
+            {
+              "Node Type": "Seq Scan",
+              "Relation Name": "orders",
+              "Startup Cost": 0.0,
+              "Total Cost": 18000.0,
+              "Plan Rows": 1200000,
+              Filter: "(created_at >= '2026-01-01'::date)",
+              "Actual Startup Time": 0.011,
+              "Actual Total Time": 402.9,
+              "Actual Rows": 1187423,
+              "Actual Loops": 1,
+            },
+            {
+              "Node Type": "Index Scan",
+              "Relation Name": "customers",
+              "Index Name": "idx_customers_region",
+              "Startup Cost": 0.29,
+              "Total Cost": 1100.0,
+              "Plan Rows": 18500,
+              "Actual Startup Time": 0.02,
+              "Actual Total Time": 0.31,
+              "Actual Rows": 5,
+              "Actual Loops": 3700,
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      ],
+    },
+    "Planning Time": 0.482,
+    "Execution Time": 862.104,
+  },
+];
+
+const PLAIN_PLAN = [
+  {
+    Plan: {
+      "Node Type": "Seq Scan",
+      "Relation Name": "orders",
+      "Startup Cost": 0.0,
+      "Total Cost": 18000.0,
+      "Plan Rows": 1200000,
+      "Plan Width": 96,
+    },
+  },
+];
+
+describe("PostgreSQL EXPLAIN ANALYZE parsing", () => {
+  const parsed = parseExplainResult("postgres", explainResult(ANALYZE_PLAN));
+  const nodes = flattenExplainPlanNodes(parsed.nodes);
+  const byType = new Map(nodes.map((node) => [node.nodeType, node]));
+
+  it("keeps the existing tree shape and cost/rows fields", () => {
+    expect(parsed.databaseType).toBe("postgres");
+    expect(nodes).toHaveLength(4);
+    expect(byType.get("Sort")?.cost).toBe("24000..24102.11");
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.relation).toBe("orders");
+    expect(byType.get("Index Scan")?.index).toBe("idx_customers_region");
+  });
+
+  it("records measured rows in the shared 'Actual Rows' detail convention", () => {
+    expect(byType.get("Sort")?.details).toContain("Actual Rows: 84000");
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.details).toContain("Actual Rows: 1187423");
+    expect(byType.get("Index Scan")?.details).toContain("Actual Rows: 5");
+  });
+
+  it("reports loops only when the node ran more than once", () => {
+    expect(byType.get("Index Scan")?.details).toContain("Actual Loops: 3700");
+    expect(byType.get("Sort")?.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Loops"))).toBe(false);
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Loops"))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("records the per-node timing range", () => {
+    expect(byType.get("Sort")?.details).toContain("Actual Time: 812.44..851.09 ms");
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.details).toContain("Actual Time: 0.011..402.9 ms");
+  });
+
+  it("puts planning and execution time on the root node only", () => {
+    expect(parsed.nodes[0].details).toContain("Planning Time: 0.482 ms");
+    expect(parsed.nodes[0].details).toContain("Execution Time: 862.104 ms");
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Execution Time"))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the engine-native details ahead of the measured ones", () => {
+    expect(byType.get("Hash Join")?.details[0]).toBe("Join: Inner");
+    expect(byType.get("Seq Scan")?.details[0]).toBe("Filter: (created_at >= '2026-01-01'::date)");
+  });
+
+  it("feeds the plan canvas mismatch detection", () => {
+    const sort = byType.get("Sort")!;
+    expect(extractActualRows(sort)).toBe(84000);
+    // 84000 measured against 42000 estimated is exactly the 2x mismatch threshold.
+    expect(extractActualRows(sort)! / Number(sort.rows)).toBe(2);
+    expect(extractActualRows(byType.get("Index Scan")!)).toBe(5);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("PostgreSQL plain EXPLAIN parsing", () => {
+  it("adds no ANALYZE details when the plan has no measured fields", () => {
+    const parsed = parseExplainResult("postgres", explainResult(PLAIN_PLAN));
+    const [root] = parsed.nodes;
+
+    expect(root.details).toEqual([]);
+    expect(extractActualRows(root)).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(root.cost).toBe("0..18000");
+    expect(root.rows).toBe("1200000");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..004d0e2051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/__tests__/query/sqlserverActualPlan.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { DOMParser } from "@xmldom/xmldom";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { flattenExplainPlanNodes, parseExplainResult, sqlServerExplainResult } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import { extractActualRows } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
+import type { QueryResult } from "@/types/database";
+
+// SET STATISTICS XML output: the SHOWPLAN_XML schema plus <RunTimeInformation>.
+// Gather Streams and its subtree run on 3 worker threads; the nested loop inner
+// seek runs 100 times in total and returns 10 rows per execution against a
+// 10-row estimate, so its cumulative 1000 rows are a 100x apparent overrun.
+const STATISTICS_XML = `<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan">
+  <BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple StatementText="SELECT * FROM dbo.customers c JOIN dbo.orders o ON o.customer_id = c.id">
+    <QueryPlan DegreeOfParallelism="3">
+      <RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Parallelism" LogicalOp="Gather Streams" EstimateRows="1000" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="1.24" AvgRowSize="24">
+        <RunTimeInformation>
+          <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="1" ActualRows="400" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="118" ActualCPUms="40" />
+          <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="2" ActualRows="350" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="121" ActualCPUms="38" />
+          <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="3" ActualRows="250" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="119" ActualCPUms="36" />
+        </RunTimeInformation>
+        <Parallelism>
+          <RelOp NodeId="1" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops" LogicalOp="Inner Join" EstimateRows="1000" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="1.2" AvgRowSize="24">
+            <RunTimeInformation>
+              <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="1" ActualRows="400" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="110" ActualCPUms="30" />
+              <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="2" ActualRows="350" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="112" ActualCPUms="28" />
+              <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="3" ActualRows="250" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="109" ActualCPUms="26" />
+            </RunTimeInformation>
+            <NestedLoops>
+              <RelOp NodeId="2" PhysicalOp="Index Scan" LogicalOp="Index Scan" EstimateRows="100" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.3" AvgRowSize="16">
+                <RunTimeInformation>
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="1" ActualRows="40" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="8" ActualCPUms="3" />
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="2" ActualRows="35" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="9" ActualCPUms="4" />
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="3" ActualRows="25" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="7" ActualCPUms="2" />
+                </RunTimeInformation>
+                <IndexScan>
+                  <Object Database="[shop]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[customers]" Index="[ix_customers_region]" />
+                </IndexScan>
+              </RelOp>
+              <RelOp NodeId="3" PhysicalOp="Index Seek" LogicalOp="Index Seek" EstimateRows="10" EstimatedRowsRead="12" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.85" AvgRowSize="20">
+                <RunTimeInformation>
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="1" ActualRows="400" ActualRowsRead="420" ActualExecutions="40" ActualElapsedms="95" ActualCPUms="24" />
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="2" ActualRows="350" ActualRowsRead="360" ActualExecutions="35" ActualElapsedms="97" ActualCPUms="22" />
+                  <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="3" ActualRows="250" ActualRowsRead="260" ActualExecutions="25" ActualElapsedms="93" ActualCPUms="20" />
+                </RunTimeInformation>
+                <IndexScan>
+                  <Object Database="[shop]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[orders]" Index="[ix_orders_customer]" />
+                  <SeekPredicates><SeekPredicateNew><SeekKeys><Prefix>
+                    <RangeExpressions><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[orders].[customer_id]=[customers].[id]" /></RangeExpressions>
+                  </Prefix></SeekKeys></SeekPredicateNew></SeekPredicates>
+                </IndexScan>
+              </RelOp>
+            </NestedLoops>
+          </RelOp>
+        </Parallelism>
+      </RelOp>
+    </QueryPlan>
+  </StmtSimple></Statements></Batch></BatchSequence>
+</ShowPlanXML>`;
+
+// A serial statement: one thread, one execution, no normalization to apply.
+const SERIAL_STATISTICS_XML = `<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan">
+  <BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple><QueryPlan>
+    <RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimateRows="500" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.12" AvgRowSize="18">
+      <RunTimeInformation>
+        <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="1200" ActualRowsRead="1200" ActualExecutions="1" ActualElapsedms="14" ActualCPUms="12" />
+      </RunTimeInformation>
+      <IndexScan><Object Database="[shop]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[orders]" Index="[pk_orders]" /></IndexScan>
+    </RelOp>
+  </QueryPlan></StmtSimple></Statements></Batch></BatchSequence>
+</ShowPlanXML>`;
+
+function result(columns: string[], rows: unknown[][]): QueryResult {
+  return { columns, rows, affected_rows: 0, execution_time_ms: 1 };
+}
+
+describe("SQL Server actual execution plan", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.stubGlobal("DOMParser", DOMParser);
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  // Parsed lazily: the DOMParser stub only exists once beforeEach has run.
+  const parse = (xml: string) => flattenExplainPlanNodes(parseExplainResult("sqlserver", result(["Microsoft SQL Server 2005 XML Showplan"], [[xml]])).nodes);
+  const node = (id: string) => parse(STATISTICS_XML).find((candidate) => candidate.id === id)!;
+  const gatherStreams = () => node("0");
+  const innerSeek = () => node("3");
+
+  it("keeps the operator hierarchy the estimated plan already produced", () => {
+    expect(parse(STATISTICS_XML).map((relOp) => relOp.nodeType)).toEqual(["Parallelism", "Nested Loops", "Index Scan", "Index Seek"]);
+    expect(innerSeek()).toMatchObject({ relation: "dbo.orders", index: "ix_orders_customer", rows: "10", cost: "0.85" });
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Expression: [orders].[customer_id]=[customers].[id]");
+  });
+
+  it("sums measured rows across every worker thread", () => {
+    expect(gatherStreams().details).toContain("Actual Rows: 1000");
+    expect(node("2").details).toContain("Actual Rows: 100");
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual Rows: 1000");
+  });
+
+  it("reports the slowest thread as elapsed time and the summed CPU work", () => {
+    expect(gatherStreams().details).toContain("Actual Time: 121 ms");
+    expect(gatherStreams().details).toContain("Actual CPU: 114 ms");
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual Time: 97 ms");
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual CPU: 66 ms");
+  });
+
+  it("normalizes the repeated inner side of the nested loop to a per-execution figure", () => {
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual Threads: 3");
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual Executions: 100");
+    expect(innerSeek().details).toContain("Actual Rows Per Execution: 10");
+    // The estimate is per execution, so this is what a mismatch check must read.
+    expect(extractActualRows(innerSeek())).toBe(10);
+    expect(Number(innerSeek().rows)).toBe(10);
+  });
+
+  it("leaves parallel operators unnormalized, one execution per thread is still one execution", () => {
+    for (const id of ["0", "1", "2"]) {
+      expect(node(id).details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Rows Per Execution"))).toBe(false);
+    }
+    expect(gatherStreams().details).toContain("Actual Threads: 3");
+    expect(gatherStreams().details).toContain("Actual Executions: 3");
+    expect(extractActualRows(gatherStreams())).toBe(1000);
+    expect(extractActualRows(node("2"))).toBe(100);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a serial single-execution operator on the plain measured total", () => {
+    const [root] = parseExplainResult("sqlserver", result(["Microsoft SQL Server 2005 XML Showplan"], [[SERIAL_STATISTICS_XML]])).nodes;
+
+    expect(root.details).toContain("Actual Rows: 1200");
+    expect(root.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Threads"))).toBe(false);
+    expect(root.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Executions"))).toBe(false);
+    expect(root.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual Rows Per Execution"))).toBe(false);
+    expect(extractActualRows(root)).toBe(1200);
+  });
+
+  it("adds no measured details to an estimated SHOWPLAN plan", () => {
+    const estimated = STATISTICS_XML.replaceAll(/<RunTimeInformation>[\s\S]*?<\/RunTimeInformation>/g, "");
+    const parsed = parseExplainResult("sqlserver", result(["Microsoft SQL Server 2005 XML Showplan"], [[estimated]]));
+
+    for (const node of flattenExplainPlanNodes(parsed.nodes)) {
+      expect(node.details.some((detail) => detail.startsWith("Actual"))).toBe(false);
+      expect(extractActualRows(node)).toBeUndefined();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("finds the plan when STATISTICS XML returns the query result set first", () => {
+    const rowsResult = result(["id", "total"], [[1, "12.50"]]);
+    const planResult = result(["Microsoft SQL Server 2005 XML Showplan"], [[STATISTICS_XML]]);
+
+    expect(sqlServerExplainResult([rowsResult, planResult])).toEqual({ result: planResult });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/http.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/http.ts
index 68bf690190..64fa30d32d 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/http.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/http.ts
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ export async function executeQuery(
     resultSessionId?: string;
     clientSessionId?: string;
     timeoutSecs?: number;
-    executionMode?: "simple";
+    executionMode?: "simple" | "postgres_read_only_transaction";
   },
 ): Promise<QueryResult> {
   return post("/api/query/execute", {
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/tauri.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/tauri.ts
index fd8691d5dc..61334bd448 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/tauri.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/backend/tauri.ts
@@ -321,6 +321,8 @@ export interface BuildExplainSqlOptions {
   sql: string;
   /** MySQL can return either the existing JSON plan or its native tabular plan. */
   format?: "json" | "standard";
+  /** PostgreSQL only: run the statement so the plan carries measured rows and timings. */
+  analyze?: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface ExplainSqlBuildResult {
@@ -1058,7 +1060,7 @@ export async function executeQuery(
     resultSessionId?: string;
     clientSessionId?: string;
     timeoutSecs?: number;
-    executionMode?: "simple";
+    executionMode?: "simple" | "postgres_read_only_transaction";
   },
 ): Promise<QueryResult> {
   try {
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/__tests__/planCanvas.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/__tests__/planCanvas.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d0f24921a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/__tests__/planCanvas.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import type { ExplainPlanNode } from "@/lib/diagram/explainPlan";
+import { buildPlanCanvas, categorizePlanNode, edgeStrokeWidth, extractActualRows, formatPlanRows, heatLevel, parsePlanNumber, PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H, PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W, PLAN_CANVAS_PAD } from "@/lib/diagram/planCanvas";
+
+function planNode(node: Partial<ExplainPlanNode> & { id: string; nodeType: string }): ExplainPlanNode {
+  return { title: node.nodeType, details: [], children: [], ...node };
+}
+
+describe("categorizePlanNode", () => {
+  const expectations: Array<[string, string[]]> = [
+    ["tscan", ["Seq Scan", "ALL", "Full Table Scan", "Table Scan", "Clustered Index Scan", "TABLE ACCESS FULL", "CSCN2"]],
+    ["iscan", ["Index Scan", "Index Only Scan", "Bitmap Index Scan", "Bitmap Heap Scan", "Index Seek", "INDEX RANGE SCAN", "INDEX UNIQUE SCAN", "INDEX FULL SCAN", "range", "ref", "SSEK2", "CSEK2", "Clustered Index Seek"]],
+    ["lookup", ["Key Lookup", "RID Lookup", "TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID", "eq_ref", "Unique Key Lookup"]],
+    ["join", ["Nested Loop", "Nested Loops", "Hash Join", "Merge Join", "Hash Match", "HASH JOIN", "NESTED LOOPS", "HASH2", "NEST LOOP", "hash join"]],
+    ["sort", ["Sort", "Incremental Sort", "filesort", "Filesort", "ordering_operation", "SORT ORDER BY"]],
+    ["agg", ["Aggregate", "HashAggregate", "GroupAggregate", "Partial Aggregate", "Stream Aggregate", "grouping_operation", "HASH GROUP BY", "SORT AGGREGATE", "HAGR2", "SAGR2"]],
+    ["mat", ["Hash", "Materialize", "CTE Scan", "Table Spool", "Index Spool", "materialized_from_subquery", "TEMP TABLE TRANSFORMATION"]],
+    ["xchg", ["Gather", "Gather Merge", "Parallelism", "PX SEND", "PX RECEIVE", "Exchange"]],
+    ["mod", ["Insert", "Update", "Delete", "Merge", "Table Insert", "Clustered Index Update"]],
+    ["result", ["Result", "Limit", "SELECT", "SELECT STATEMENT", "query_block", "NSET2", "PRJT2", "union_result"]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [category, operators] of expectations) {
+    it(`maps every engine's ${category} operators`, () => {
+      for (const operator of operators) {
+        expect(categorizePlanNode(operator), operator).toBe(category);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  it("falls back to other for unknown operators", () => {
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Compute Scalar")).toBe("other");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("")).toBe("other");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("   ")).toBe("other");
+  });
+
+  it("resolves the operators whose names overlap across categories", () => {
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Merge Join")).toBe("join");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Merge")).toBe("mod");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Merge Append")).toBe("other");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Gather Merge")).toBe("xchg");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Clustered Index Scan")).toBe("tscan");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Index Scan")).toBe("iscan");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Index Spool")).toBe("mat");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("eq_ref")).toBe("lookup");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("ref")).toBe("iscan");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("SORT AGGREGATE")).toBe("agg");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("SORT ORDER BY")).toBe("sort");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("HashAggregate")).toBe("agg");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("Hash")).toBe("mat");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("TABLE ACCESS FULL")).toBe("tscan");
+    expect(categorizePlanNode("TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID")).toBe("lookup");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("parsePlanNumber", () => {
+  it("reads plain, grouped and ranged numbers", () => {
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("12.34")).toBe(12.34);
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("1,234")).toBe(1234);
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("42000")).toBe(42000);
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("0.29..1830.12")).toBe(1830.12);
+  });
+
+  it("applies Oracle-style magnitude suffixes", () => {
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("1200K")).toBe(1_200_000);
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("96M")).toBe(96_000_000);
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("4032K")).toBe(4_032_000);
+  });
+
+  it("ignores trailing engine annotations", () => {
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("5842 (1)")).toBe(5842);
+  });
+
+  it("returns undefined for missing or non-numeric values", () => {
+    expect(parsePlanNumber(undefined)).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("   ")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("N/A")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(parsePlanNumber("Good Enough Plan Found")).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("extractActualRows", () => {
+  it("reads the actual row count out of the detail list", () => {
+    expect(extractActualRows(planNode({ id: "1", nodeType: "Sort", details: ["Sort: a", "Actual Rows: 83,911"] }))).toBe(83911);
+    expect(extractActualRows(planNode({ id: "1", nodeType: "Sort", details: ["Sort: a"] }))).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+// root(Limit) → Sort → Hash Join → [Seq Scan, Hash → Index Scan]
+function postgresPlan(): ExplainPlanNode[] {
+  return [
+    planNode({
+      id: "0",
+      nodeType: "Limit",
+      cost: "24102.11..24180.37",
+      rows: "100",
+      children: [
+        planNode({
+          id: "0.0",
+          nodeType: "Sort",
+          cost: "24000.00..24102.11",
+          rows: "42000",
+          details: ["Sort: o.created_at DESC", "Actual Rows: 83911"],
+          children: [
+            planNode({
+              id: "0.0.0",
+              nodeType: "Hash Join",
+              cost: "0.29..23800.00",
+              rows: "42000",
+              children: [
+                planNode({ id: "0.0.0.0", nodeType: "Seq Scan", relation: "orders", cost: "0.00..18000.00", rows: "1200000" }),
+                planNode({
+                  id: "0.0.0.1",
+                  nodeType: "Hash",
+                  cost: "0.29..1200.00",
+                  rows: "18500",
+                  children: [planNode({ id: "0.0.0.1.0", nodeType: "Index Scan", relation: "customers", index: "idx_customers_region", cost: "0.29..1100.00", rows: "18500" })],
+                }),
+              ],
+            }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      ],
+    }),
+  ];
+}
+
+describe("buildPlanCanvas", () => {
+  const layout = buildPlanCanvas(postgresPlan());
+
+  it("places every node once and connects each non-root to its parent", () => {
+    expect(layout.nodes).toHaveLength(6);
+    expect(layout.edges).toHaveLength(layout.nodes.length - 1);
+    expect(layout.edges.every((edge) => edge.from !== edge.to)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("grows to the right and centers a parent between its children", () => {
+    const byType = new Map(layout.nodes.map((node) => [node.node.nodeType, node]));
+    const root = byType.get("Limit")!;
+    const join = byType.get("Hash Join")!;
+    const seqScan = byType.get("Seq Scan")!;
+    const hash = byType.get("Hash")!;
+
+    expect(root.x).toBe(PLAN_CANVAS_PAD);
+    expect(root.x).toBeLessThan(byType.get("Sort")!.x);
+    expect(byType.get("Sort")!.x).toBeLessThan(join.x);
+    expect(join.y).toBe((seqScan.y + hash.y) / 2);
+    expect(hash.y).toBe(byType.get("Index Scan")!.y);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps every card clear of every other card", () => {
+    for (const first of layout.nodes) {
+      for (const second of layout.nodes) {
+        if (first === second) continue;
+        const overlaps = Math.abs(first.x - second.x) < PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W && Math.abs(first.y - second.y) < PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H;
+        expect(overlaps, `${first.node.nodeType} overlaps ${second.node.nodeType}`).toBe(false);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("sizes the canvas so it covers every card", () => {
+    for (const node of layout.nodes) {
+      expect(node.x + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W).toBeLessThanOrEqual(layout.width);
+      expect(node.y + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H).toBeLessThanOrEqual(layout.height);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("splits the cumulative cost into self-cost shares that sum to one", () => {
+    const shares = layout.nodes.map((node) => node.costShare);
+    expect(shares.every((share) => share !== undefined)).toBe(true);
+    expect(shares.reduce((total, share) => total + (share ?? 0), 0)).toBeCloseTo(1, 10);
+  });
+
+  it("clamps a self-cost below zero when a child reports more than its parent", () => {
+    const clamped = buildPlanCanvas([
+      planNode({
+        id: "0",
+        nodeType: "Limit",
+        cost: "10",
+        children: [planNode({ id: "0.0", nodeType: "Seq Scan", cost: "40" })],
+      }),
+    ]);
+    const [root, child] = clamped.nodes;
+    expect(root.costShare).toBe(0);
+    expect(child.costShare).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("leaves the cost share undefined when no node reports a numeric cost", () => {
+    const costless = buildPlanCanvas([planNode({ id: "0", nodeType: "Plan", children: [planNode({ id: "0.0", nodeType: "Plan" })] })]);
+    expect(costless.nodes.every((node) => node.costShare === undefined)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("stacks multiple roots vertically", () => {
+    const twoRoots = buildPlanCanvas([planNode({ id: "0", nodeType: "Limit" }), planNode({ id: "1", nodeType: "Limit" })]);
+    expect(twoRoots.nodes[0].x).toBe(twoRoots.nodes[1].x);
+    expect(twoRoots.nodes[1].y - twoRoots.nodes[0].y).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H);
+  });
+
+  it("returns an empty canvas for an empty plan", () => {
+    expect(buildPlanCanvas([])).toEqual({ nodes: [], edges: [], width: 0, height: 0 });
+  });
+
+  it("carries the parsed row counts onto nodes and edges", () => {
+    const seqScan = layout.nodes.find((node) => node.node.nodeType === "Seq Scan")!;
+    expect(seqScan.rows).toBe(1_200_000);
+    expect(layout.edges.find((edge) => edge.to === seqScan)?.rows).toBe(1_200_000);
+    expect(layout.nodes.find((node) => node.node.nodeType === "Sort")!.actualRows).toBe(83911);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("heatLevel", () => {
+  it("maps a share onto the four heat steps", () => {
+    expect(heatLevel(undefined)).toBe("none");
+    expect(heatLevel(0)).toBe("cool");
+    expect(heatLevel(0.049)).toBe("cool");
+    expect(heatLevel(0.05)).toBe("warm");
+    expect(heatLevel(0.2)).toBe("warm");
+    expect(heatLevel(0.201)).toBe("hot");
+    expect(heatLevel(1)).toBe("hot");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("edgeStrokeWidth", () => {
+  it("scales with the row count inside a fixed range", () => {
+    expect(edgeStrokeWidth(undefined)).toBe(1.6);
+    expect(edgeStrokeWidth(0)).toBe(1.6);
+    expect(edgeStrokeWidth(100)).toBeCloseTo(1.6 + Math.log10(101) * 1.05, 10);
+    expect(edgeStrokeWidth(1e12)).toBe(8);
+    expect(edgeStrokeWidth(1e6)).toBeGreaterThan(edgeStrokeWidth(1e3));
+  });
+});
+
+describe("formatPlanRows", () => {
+  it("shortens large counts and marks unknown ones", () => {
+    expect(formatPlanRows(undefined)).toBe("—");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(Number.NaN)).toBe("—");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(100)).toBe("100");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(999)).toBe("999");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(84_200)).toBe("84.2K");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(1_000)).toBe("1K");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(1_200_000)).toBe("1.2M");
+    expect(formatPlanRows(1_000_000)).toBe("1M");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/explainPlan.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/explainPlan.ts
index 4c72ba4bc6..a024d06e2e 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/explainPlan.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/explainPlan.ts
@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@ export function supportsExplainPlan(databaseType?: DatabaseType): databaseType i
   return !!databaseType && supportsDatabaseFeature(databaseType, "sqlExplain") && SUPPORTED_EXPLAIN_TYPES.has(databaseType);
 }
 
-export function buildExplainSql(databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined, sql: string, format: "json" | "standard" = "json"): Promise<BuildExplainSqlResult> {
-  return api.buildExplainSql({ databaseType, sql, format }) as Promise<BuildExplainSqlResult>;
+/** `analyze` is honored by PostgreSQL only; every other engine ignores it server-side. */
+export function buildExplainSql(databaseType: DatabaseType | undefined, sql: string, format: "json" | "standard" = "json", analyze?: boolean): Promise<BuildExplainSqlResult> {
+  return api.buildExplainSql({ databaseType, sql, format, analyze }) as Promise<BuildExplainSqlResult>;
 }
 
 export function parseExplainResult(databaseType: "mysql" | "postgres" | "dameng" | "questdb" | "sqlserver", result: QueryResult): ParsedExplainPlan {
@@ -454,6 +455,7 @@ function parseSqlServerRelOp(element: Element): ExplainPlanNode {
     element.getAttribute("EstimateIO") ? `Estimated I/O: ${element.getAttribute("EstimateIO")}` : "",
     element.getAttribute("EstimateCPU") ? `Estimated CPU: ${element.getAttribute("EstimateCPU")}` : "",
     ...expressions.slice(0, 3).map((expression) => `Expression: ${expression}`),
+    ...sqlServerRuntimeDetails(sqlServerRuntimeCounters(element)),
   ].filter(Boolean);
 
   return {
@@ -470,6 +472,71 @@ function parseSqlServerRelOp(element: Element): ExplainPlanNode {
   };
 }
 
+interface SqlServerRuntimeCounters {
+  rows: number;
+  executions: number;
+  threads: number;
+  /** Set only when the operator was genuinely invoked more than once per thread. */
+  rowsPerExecution?: number;
+  elapsedMs?: number;
+  cpuMs?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Aggregates the `SET STATISTICS XML` runtime counters of one operator across its
+ * threads: rows and executions are summed, elapsed time is wall clock per thread so
+ * the slowest thread is the operator duration, and CPU time is additive work so it
+ * is summed. Estimated plans carry no RunTimeInformation and yield undefined.
+ */
+function sqlServerRuntimeCounters(element: Element): SqlServerRuntimeCounters | undefined {
+  const perThread = planRegionElements(element, "RunTimeCountersPerThread");
+  if (perThread.length === 0) return undefined;
+
+  const counters: SqlServerRuntimeCounters = { rows: 0, executions: 0, threads: perThread.length };
+  let activeThreads = 0;
+  for (const thread of perThread) {
+    const executions = xmlNumberAttribute(thread, "ActualExecutions") ?? 0;
+    counters.rows += xmlNumberAttribute(thread, "ActualRows") ?? 0;
+    counters.executions += executions;
+    if (executions > 0) activeThreads += 1;
+    const elapsed = xmlNumberAttribute(thread, "ActualElapsedms");
+    if (elapsed !== undefined) counters.elapsedMs = Math.max(counters.elapsedMs ?? 0, elapsed);
+    const cpu = xmlNumberAttribute(thread, "ActualCPUms");
+    if (cpu !== undefined) counters.cpuMs = (counters.cpuMs ?? 0) + cpu;
+  }
+
+  // ActualRows is cumulative over executions while EstimateRows stays per execution,
+  // so repeated invocations (a nested loop inner side) need normalizing. A parallel
+  // operator reports one execution per worker thread, which is still one logical
+  // execution: dividing there would understate every parallel node instead.
+  const executionsPerThread = counters.executions / (activeThreads || counters.threads);
+  if (executionsPerThread > 1) counters.rowsPerExecution = counters.rows / counters.executions;
+  return counters;
+}
+
+function sqlServerRuntimeDetails(counters?: SqlServerRuntimeCounters): string[] {
+  if (!counters) return [];
+
+  const details = [`Actual Rows: ${counters.rows}`];
+  if (counters.threads > 1) details.push(`Actual Threads: ${counters.threads}`);
+  if (counters.executions > 1) details.push(`Actual Executions: ${counters.executions}`);
+  if (counters.rowsPerExecution !== undefined) details.push(`Actual Rows Per Execution: ${formatPlanMetric(counters.rowsPerExecution)}`);
+  if (counters.elapsedMs !== undefined) details.push(`Actual Time: ${formatPlanMetric(counters.elapsedMs)} ms`);
+  if (counters.cpuMs !== undefined) details.push(`Actual CPU: ${formatPlanMetric(counters.cpuMs)} ms`);
+  return details;
+}
+
+function formatPlanMetric(value: number): string {
+  return String(Number(value.toFixed(2)));
+}
+
+function xmlNumberAttribute(element: Element, attribute: string): number | undefined {
+  const raw = element.getAttribute(attribute);
+  if (raw === null || raw.trim() === "") return undefined;
+  const value = Number(raw);
+  return Number.isFinite(value) ? value : undefined;
+}
+
 function planRegionElements(root: Element, localName: string): Element[] {
   const matches: Element[] = [];
   const visit = (element: Element) => {
@@ -662,7 +729,15 @@ function parsePostgresExplain(raw: unknown): ExplainPlanNode[] {
       const root = objectValue(item);
       if (!root) return null;
       const plan = objectValue(root.Plan) || root;
-      return parsePostgresNode(plan, String(index));
+      const node = parsePostgresNode(plan, String(index));
+      if (!node) return null;
+
+      // EXPLAIN ANALYZE reports these next to "Plan", not inside it.
+      const planningTime = numberLike(root["Planning Time"]);
+      const executionTime = numberLike(root["Execution Time"]);
+      if (planningTime !== undefined) node.details.push(`Planning Time: ${planningTime} ms`);
+      if (executionTime !== undefined) node.details.push(`Execution Time: ${executionTime} ms`);
+      return node;
     })
     .filter((node): node is ExplainPlanNode => !!node);
 }
@@ -679,6 +754,11 @@ function parsePostgresNode(plan: Record<string, unknown> | null, id: string): Ex
   const filter = stringValue(plan.Filter);
   const joinType = stringValue(plan["Join Type"]);
   const sortKey = arrayValue(plan["Sort Key"])?.map(String).join(", ");
+  // EXPLAIN ANALYZE only. Actual Rows is per loop, matching Plan Rows.
+  const actualRows = numberLike(plan["Actual Rows"]);
+  const actualLoops = numberLike(plan["Actual Loops"]);
+  const actualStartupTime = numberLike(plan["Actual Startup Time"]);
+  const actualTotalTime = numberLike(plan["Actual Total Time"]);
 
   const children =
     arrayValue(plan.Plans)
@@ -694,7 +774,14 @@ function parsePostgresNode(plan: Record<string, unknown> | null, id: string): Ex
     cost: [startupCost, totalCost].every(Boolean) ? `${startupCost}..${totalCost}` : totalCost,
     rows,
     width,
-    details: [joinType ? `Join: ${joinType}` : "", filter ? `Filter: ${filter}` : "", sortKey ? `Sort: ${sortKey}` : ""].filter(Boolean),
+    details: [
+      joinType ? `Join: ${joinType}` : "",
+      filter ? `Filter: ${filter}` : "",
+      sortKey ? `Sort: ${sortKey}` : "",
+      actualRows !== undefined ? `Actual Rows: ${actualRows}` : "",
+      actualLoops !== undefined && Number(actualLoops) > 1 ? `Actual Loops: ${actualLoops}` : "",
+      actualStartupTime !== undefined && actualTotalTime !== undefined ? `Actual Time: ${actualStartupTime}..${actualTotalTime} ms` : "",
+    ].filter(Boolean),
     children,
   };
 }
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/planCanvas.ts b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/planCanvas.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1303b353e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/lib/diagram/planCanvas.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import type { ExplainPlanNode } from "./explainPlan";
+
+export type PlanCanvasCategory = "result" | "sort" | "join" | "tscan" | "iscan" | "lookup" | "mat" | "agg" | "xchg" | "mod" | "other";
+
+export const PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W = 212;
+export const PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H = 76;
+export const PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_X = 84;
+export const PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_Y = 26;
+export const PLAN_CANVAS_PAD = 36;
+
+/**
+ * Ordered because operator names overlap across engines: "Merge Join" is a join
+ * while a bare "Merge" is DML, "Clustered Index Scan" reads a whole table while
+ * "Index Scan" does not, and "SORT AGGREGATE" is an aggregate, not a sort.
+ */
+const CATEGORY_RULES: Array<[RegExp, PlanCanvasCategory]> = [
+  // MySQL access types are single ambiguous words, so they only match exactly.
+  [/^(?:eq_ref|const|system)$/, "lookup"],
+  [/^(?:ref|range|index|index_merge|ref_or_null|fulltext)$/, "iscan"],
+  [/^all$/, "tscan"],
+
+  [/(?:key|rid|row|rowid|heap)\s+lookup|table access by .*rowid/, "lookup"],
+  [/hash join|hash match|merge join|nested loops?|nest loop|hash2|cartesian/, "join"],
+  [/aggregate|group by|grouping_operation|hagr\d*|sagr\d*|\bagg\b/, "agg"],
+  [/sort|ordering_operation/, "sort"],
+  [/gather|parallelism|px send|px receive|px block|exchange|repartition|distribute/, "xchg"],
+  [/^(?:insert|update|delete|replace)\b|^merge$|modifytable|table (?:insert|update|delete|merge)|clustered index (?:insert|update|delete|merge)|load table|\bdml\b/, "mod"],
+  [/materiali[sz]|spool|\bhash\b|\bcte\b|temp table transformation|worktable/, "mat"],
+  [/clustered index scan|seq scan|sequential scan|table scan|table access full|table access storage full|cscn\d*/, "tscan"],
+  [/index.*(?:scan|seek)|bitmap heap scan|ssek\d*|csek\d*|bmsk\d*/, "iscan"],
+  [/result|^select\b|select statement|limit|query_block|nset\d*|prjt\d*|union|\btop\b/, "result"],
+];
+
+export function categorizePlanNode(nodeType: string): PlanCanvasCategory {
+  const normalized = nodeType.trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (!normalized) return "other";
+  for (const [pattern, category] of CATEGORY_RULES) {
+    if (pattern.test(normalized)) return category;
+  }
+  return "other";
+}
+
+/** Reads the numeric part of an engine-native cost/rows string ("0.29..1830.12", "1,234", "96M"). */
+export function parsePlanNumber(value?: string): number | undefined {
+  if (value == null) return undefined;
+  let text = String(value).trim();
+  if (!text) return undefined;
+
+  // PostgreSQL reports "startup..total"; the total is what matters.
+  const rangeIndex = text.lastIndexOf("..");
+  if (rangeIndex >= 0) text = text.slice(rangeIndex + 2).trim();
+
+  const match = text.match(/^([+-]?[\d,]*\.?\d+)\s*(?:([kmgt])\b)?/i);
+  if (!match) return undefined;
+  const base = Number(match[1].replaceAll(",", ""));
+  if (!Number.isFinite(base)) return undefined;
+
+  const scales: Record<string, number> = { k: 1e3, m: 1e6, g: 1e9, t: 1e12 };
+  return base * (scales[match[2]?.toLowerCase() ?? ""] ?? 1);
+}
+
+export function extractActualRows(node: ExplainPlanNode): number | undefined {
+  // Estimates are per execution, so the per-execution detail wins when the engine
+  // reports cumulative actuals (SQL Server). PostgreSQL never emits that key.
+  let total: number | undefined;
+  for (const detail of node.details) {
+    const perExecution = detail.match(/Actual Rows Per Execution:\s*(\S+)/i);
+    if (perExecution) return parsePlanNumber(perExecution[1]);
+    if (total !== undefined) continue;
+    const match = detail.match(/Actual Rows:\s*(\S+)/i);
+    if (match) total = parsePlanNumber(match[1]);
+  }
+  return total;
+}
+
+export interface PlanCanvasNode {
+  node: ExplainPlanNode;
+  category: PlanCanvasCategory;
+  x: number;
+  y: number;
+  costShare?: number;
+  rows?: number;
+  actualRows?: number;
+}
+
+export interface PlanCanvasEdge {
+  from: PlanCanvasNode;
+  to: PlanCanvasNode;
+  rows?: number;
+}
+
+export interface PlanCanvasLayout {
+  nodes: PlanCanvasNode[];
+  edges: PlanCanvasEdge[];
+  width: number;
+  height: number;
+}
+
+export function buildPlanCanvas(roots: ExplainPlanNode[]): PlanCanvasLayout {
+  const nodes: PlanCanvasNode[] = [];
+  const edges: PlanCanvasEdge[] = [];
+  const selfCosts = new Map<PlanCanvasNode, number>();
+  let leafOffset = 0;
+
+  function place(node: ExplainPlanNode, depth: number, parent?: PlanCanvasNode): PlanCanvasNode {
+    const placed: PlanCanvasNode = {
+      node,
+      category: categorizePlanNode(node.nodeType),
+      x: PLAN_CANVAS_PAD + depth * (PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W + PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_X),
+      y: 0,
+      rows: parsePlanNumber(node.rows),
+      actualRows: extractActualRows(node),
+    };
+    nodes.push(placed);
+    if (parent) edges.push({ from: parent, to: placed, rows: placed.rows });
+
+    const children = node.children.map((child) => place(child, depth + 1, placed));
+    if (children.length === 0) {
+      placed.y = PLAN_CANVAS_PAD + leafOffset;
+      leafOffset += PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H + PLAN_CANVAS_GAP_Y;
+    } else {
+      placed.y = (children[0].y + children[children.length - 1].y) / 2;
+    }
+
+    const cost = parsePlanNumber(node.cost);
+    if (cost !== undefined) {
+      // Costs are cumulative over the subtree in PG / SQL Server / Oracle.
+      const childCost = node.children.reduce((total, child) => total + (parsePlanNumber(child.cost) ?? 0), 0);
+      selfCosts.set(placed, Math.max(0, cost - childCost));
+    }
+    return placed;
+  }
+
+  roots.forEach((root) => place(root, 0));
+
+  const totalSelfCost = [...selfCosts.values()].reduce((total, cost) => total + cost, 0);
+  if (totalSelfCost > 0) {
+    for (const [placed, cost] of selfCosts) placed.costShare = cost / totalSelfCost;
+  }
+
+  const width = nodes.reduce((max, placed) => Math.max(max, placed.x + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_W), 0) + PLAN_CANVAS_PAD;
+  const height = nodes.reduce((max, placed) => Math.max(max, placed.y + PLAN_CANVAS_NODE_H), 0) + PLAN_CANVAS_PAD;
+  return { nodes, edges, width: nodes.length ? width : 0, height: nodes.length ? height : 0 };
+}
+
+export function heatLevel(share?: number): "none" | "cool" | "warm" | "hot" {
+  if (share === undefined) return "none";
+  if (share > 0.2) return "hot";
+  return share >= 0.05 ? "warm" : "cool";
+}
+
+export function edgeStrokeWidth(rows?: number): number {
+  if (rows === undefined || !Number.isFinite(rows)) return 1.6;
+  return Math.min(8, Math.max(1.6, 1.6 + Math.log10(Math.max(0, rows) + 1) * 1.05));
+}
+
+export function formatPlanRows(rows?: number): string {
+  if (rows === undefined || !Number.isFinite(rows)) return "—";
+  const trim = (value: string) => value.replace(/\.0$/, "");
+  const magnitude = Math.abs(rows);
+  if (magnitude >= 1e6) return `${trim((rows / 1e6).toFixed(1))}M`;
+  if (magnitude >= 1e3) return `${trim((rows / 1e3).toFixed(1))}K`;
+  return String(Math.round(rows));
+}
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.postgresExplain.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.postgresExplain.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6078d79122
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.postgresExplain.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from "pinia";
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  buildExplainSql: vi.fn(),
+  parseExplainResult: vi.fn(),
+  executeQuery: vi.fn(),
+  closeClientSession: vi.fn(),
+  saveOpenTabsState: vi.fn(),
+  getConfig: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/diagram/explainPlan", () => ({
+  buildExplainSql: mocks.buildExplainSql,
+  parseExplainResult: mocks.parseExplainResult,
+  parseDamengExplainText: vi.fn(),
+  parseOracleExplainText: vi.fn(),
+  sqlServerExplainResult: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/backend/api", () => ({
+  executeQuery: mocks.executeQuery,
+  closeClientConnectionSession: mocks.closeClientSession,
+  saveOpenTabsState: mocks.saveOpenTabsState,
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@/stores/connectionStore", () => ({
+  useConnectionStore: () => ({
+    getConfig: mocks.getConfig,
+    recordConnectionLostError: vi.fn(),
+  }),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@/stores/settingsStore", () => ({
+  useSettingsStore: () => ({
+    editorSettings: { pageSize: 100, openTabsRestoreMode: "all", confirmUnsavedSqlClose: false },
+  }),
+}));
+
+function installLocalStorage() {
+  const data = new Map<string, string>();
+  vi.stubGlobal("localStorage", {
+    getItem: vi.fn((key: string) => data.get(key) ?? null),
+    setItem: vi.fn((key: string, value: string) => data.set(key, value)),
+    removeItem: vi.fn((key: string) => data.delete(key)),
+  });
+}
+
+const SOURCE_SQL = "SELECT * FROM orders";
+
+async function explain(explainMode?: string) {
+  const { useQueryStore } = await import("@/stores/queryStore");
+  const store = useQueryStore();
+  const tabId = store.createTab("pg-1", "shop", "Query", "query", "public");
+  await store.explainTabSql(tabId, SOURCE_SQL, "postgres", explainMode);
+  return { store, tabId };
+}
+
+describe("queryStore PostgreSQL EXPLAIN ANALYZE", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+    installLocalStorage();
+    setActivePinia(createPinia());
+    mocks.getConfig.mockReturnValue({ id: "pg-1", name: "Postgres", db_type: "postgres" });
+    mocks.buildExplainSql.mockResolvedValue({ ok: true, sql: "EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) SELECT * FROM orders" });
+    mocks.executeQuery.mockResolvedValue({ columns: ["QUERY PLAN"], rows: [["[]"]], affected_rows: 0, execution_time_ms: 1 });
+    mocks.parseExplainResult.mockReturnValue({ databaseType: "postgres", raw: [], nodes: [] });
+    mocks.saveOpenTabsState.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+  });
+
+  it("requests ANALYZE when the autotrace toggle is on", async () => {
+    await explain("autotrace");
+
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("postgres", SOURCE_SQL, "json", true);
+  });
+
+  it("leaves the plain explain call untouched in the default mode", async () => {
+    const { tabId } = await explain();
+
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("postgres", SOURCE_SQL);
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][5]).toMatchObject({ clientSessionId: `${tabId}:explain` });
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][5].executionMode).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("leaves the plain explain call untouched when the toggle is explicitly off", async () => {
+    await explain("explain");
+
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("postgres", SOURCE_SQL);
+  });
+
+  it("runs the analyzed statement the backend built and parses its plan", async () => {
+    mocks.buildExplainSql.mockResolvedValue({ ok: true, sql: "EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) SELECT * FROM orders" });
+    const parsedPlan = { databaseType: "postgres", raw: [], nodes: [{ id: "0", title: "Sort", nodeType: "Sort", details: ["Actual Rows: 84000"], children: [] }] };
+    mocks.parseExplainResult.mockReturnValue(parsedPlan);
+
+    const { store, tabId } = await explain("autotrace");
+
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][2]).toBe("EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) SELECT * FROM orders");
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][5]).toMatchObject({
+      clientSessionId: expect.stringMatching(new RegExp(`^${tabId}:explain:`)),
+      executionMode: "postgres_read_only_transaction",
+    });
+    expect(mocks.closeClientSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith("pg-1", "shop", mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][5].clientSessionId);
+    expect(store.tabs.find((tab) => tab.id === tabId)).toMatchObject({
+      isExplaining: false,
+      explainClientSessionId: undefined,
+      explainPlan: parsedPlan,
+      explainSql: "EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) SELECT * FROM orders",
+      explainError: undefined,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("surfaces a backend rejection of the analyzed statement", async () => {
+    mocks.buildExplainSql.mockResolvedValue({ ok: false, reason: "unsafe" });
+
+    const { store, tabId } = await explain("autotrace");
+
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(store.tabs.find((tab) => tab.id === tabId)).toMatchObject({
+      isExplaining: false,
+      explainPlan: undefined,
+      explainError: "unsafe",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("closes the isolated session after an analyzed query error", async () => {
+    mocks.buildExplainSql.mockResolvedValue({ ok: true, sql: "EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) SELECT * FROM orders" });
+    mocks.executeQuery.mockRejectedValue(new Error("query failed"));
+
+    const { store, tabId } = await explain("autotrace");
+    const clientSessionId = mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0][5].clientSessionId;
+
+    expect(mocks.closeClientSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith("pg-1", "shop", clientSessionId);
+    expect(store.tabs.find((tab) => tab.id === tabId)).toMatchObject({
+      isExplaining: false,
+      explainClientSessionId: undefined,
+      explainPlan: undefined,
+      explainError: "query failed",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("does not send the analyze flag for other engines sharing this path", async () => {
+    const { useQueryStore } = await import("@/stores/queryStore");
+    const store = useQueryStore();
+    const tabId = store.createTab("pg-1", "shop", "Query", "query", "public");
+
+    await store.explainTabSql(tabId, SOURCE_SQL, "questdb", "autotrace");
+
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("questdb", SOURCE_SQL);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.sqlserverExplain.spec.ts b/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.sqlserverExplain.spec.ts
index b53b9b68ed..bd3f68c40c 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.sqlserverExplain.spec.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/stores/__tests__/queryStore.sqlserverExplain.spec.ts
@@ -110,6 +110,42 @@ describe("queryStore SQL Server explain", () => {
     await vi.waitFor(() => expect(mocks.closeClientConnectionSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith("sqlserver-1", "dbx_explain_plan_test", clientSessionId));
   });
 
+  it("switches to STATISTICS XML when the autotrace toggle is on", async () => {
+    const actualPlanSql = `SET STATISTICS XML ON;\nGO\n${sourceSql}\nGO\nSET STATISTICS XML OFF;`;
+    // STATISTICS XML runs the statement, so the row set precedes the plan.
+    const rowsResult: QueryResult = { columns: ["id"], rows: [[1]], affected_rows: 0, execution_time_ms: 3 };
+    mocks.buildExplainSql.mockResolvedValue({ ok: true, sql: actualPlanSql });
+    mocks.executeMulti.mockResolvedValue([rowsResult, planResult]);
+    const { useQueryStore } = await import("@/stores/queryStore");
+    const store = useQueryStore();
+    const tabId = store.createTab("sqlserver-1", "dbx_explain_plan_test", "Query", "query", "dbo");
+
+    await store.explainTabSql(tabId, sourceSql, "sqlserver", "autotrace");
+
+    const tab = store.tabs.find((item) => item.id === tabId)!;
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("sqlserver", sourceSql, "json", true);
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0]?.[2]).toBe("SET STATISTICS XML ON;");
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[1]?.[2]).toBe("SET STATISTICS XML OFF;");
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[1]?.[5]).toMatchObject({ timeoutSecs: 5, executionMode: "simple" });
+    expect(mocks.executeMulti.mock.calls[0]?.[2]).toBe(sourceSql);
+    expect(mocks.sqlServerExplainResult).toHaveBeenCalledWith([rowsResult, planResult]);
+    expect(tab.explainSql).toBe(actualPlanSql);
+    expect(tab.explainPlan).toEqual(visualPlan);
+    expect(tab.explainError).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("keeps SHOWPLAN when the autotrace toggle is off", async () => {
+    const { useQueryStore } = await import("@/stores/queryStore");
+    const store = useQueryStore();
+    const tabId = store.createTab("sqlserver-1", "dbx_explain_plan_test", "Query", "query", "dbo");
+
+    await store.explainTabSql(tabId, sourceSql, "sqlserver", "explain");
+
+    expect(mocks.buildExplainSql).toHaveBeenCalledWith("sqlserver", sourceSql);
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[0]?.[2]).toBe("SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;");
+    expect(mocks.executeQuery.mock.calls[1]?.[2]).toBe("SET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;");
+  });
+
   it("shows an execution error and still closes the SHOWPLAN session", async () => {
     mocks.sqlServerExplainResult.mockReturnValue({ error: "Invalid object name 'missing_table'" });
     const { useQueryStore } = await import("@/stores/queryStore");
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/stores/queryStore.ts b/apps/desktop/src/stores/queryStore.ts
index 91dcc4dd50..19e8f9ede3 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/stores/queryStore.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/stores/queryStore.ts
@@ -4469,9 +4469,15 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     }
 
     if (databaseType === "sqlserver") {
+      // SQL Server reuses the autotrace toggle to ask for the actual execution plan:
+      // STATISTICS XML runs the statement and adds runtime counters to the same
+      // ShowPlanXML document, while SHOWPLAN_XML only estimates.
+      const actualPlan = explainMode === "autotrace";
+      const planCaptureOn = actualPlan ? "SET STATISTICS XML ON;" : "SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;";
+      const planCaptureOff = actualPlan ? "SET STATISTICS XML OFF;" : "SET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;";
       let built: BuildExplainSqlResult;
       try {
-        built = await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql);
+        built = actualPlan ? await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql, "json", true) : await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql);
       } catch (e: any) {
         tab.isExplaining = false;
         tab.explainExecutionId = undefined;
@@ -4488,14 +4494,14 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
       tab.explainSql = built.sql;
       const clientSessionId = `${tabClientSessionId(tab, "explain")}:${executionId}`;
       tab.explainClientSessionId = clientSessionId;
-      let showplanEnabled = false;
+      let planCaptureEnabled = false;
       try {
-        await api.executeQuery(tab.connectionId, tab.database, "SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;", tab.schema, executionId, {
+        await api.executeQuery(tab.connectionId, tab.database, planCaptureOn, tab.schema, executionId, {
           clientSessionId,
           timeoutSecs: queryTimeoutSecs,
           executionMode: "simple",
         });
-        showplanEnabled = true;
+        planCaptureEnabled = true;
         if (tabs.value.find((t) => t.id === id)?.explainExecutionId !== executionId) {
           return { ok: true as const, sql: built.sql };
         }
@@ -4526,9 +4532,9 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
           current.explainError = String(e?.message || e);
         }
       } finally {
-        if (showplanEnabled) {
+        if (planCaptureEnabled) {
           try {
-            await api.executeQuery(tab.connectionId, tab.database, "SET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;", tab.schema, undefined, {
+            await api.executeQuery(tab.connectionId, tab.database, planCaptureOff, tab.schema, undefined, {
               clientSessionId,
               timeoutSecs: queryTimeoutSecs > 0 ? Math.min(queryTimeoutSecs, 5) : 5,
               executionMode: "simple",
@@ -4548,7 +4554,8 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
       return { ok: true as const, sql: built.sql };
     }
 
-    const built = await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql);
+    const postgresAnalyze = databaseType === "postgres" && explainMode === "autotrace";
+    const built = postgresAnalyze ? await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql, "json", true) : await buildExplainSql(databaseType, sql);
     if (!built.ok) {
       tab.explainPlan = undefined;
       tab.explainError = built.reason;
@@ -4558,12 +4565,14 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
     }
 
     tab.explainSql = built.sql;
-    const clientSessionId = tabClientSessionId(tab, "explain");
+    const clientSessionId = postgresAnalyze ? `${tabClientSessionId(tab, "explain")}:${executionId}` : tabClientSessionId(tab, "explain");
+    if (postgresAnalyze) tab.explainClientSessionId = clientSessionId;
     try {
       const result = await api.executeQuery(tab.connectionId, tab.database, built.sql, tab.schema, executionId, {
         clientSessionId,
         catalog: tab.catalog,
         timeoutSecs: queryTimeoutSecs,
+        executionMode: postgresAnalyze ? "postgres_read_only_transaction" : undefined,
       });
       const current = tabs.value.find((t) => t.id === id);
       if (current?.explainExecutionId === executionId) {
@@ -4582,7 +4591,10 @@ export const useQueryStore = defineStore("query", () => {
         current.isExplaining = false;
         current.explainExecutionId = undefined;
       }
-      void closeClientSessionId(tab.connectionId, tab.database, clientSessionId, tab.catalog, { tabId: tab.id });
+      if (current?.explainClientSessionId === clientSessionId) current.explainClientSessionId = undefined;
+      const closePromise = closeClientSessionId(tab.connectionId, tab.database, clientSessionId, tab.catalog, { tabId: tab.id, explainExecutionId: executionId });
+      if (postgresAnalyze) await closePromise;
+      else void closePromise;
     }
     return { ok: true as const, sql: built.sql };
   }
diff --git a/crates/dbx-core/src/agent_tools.rs b/crates/dbx-core/src/agent_tools.rs
index cffa8089c4..014de5dbb1 100644
--- a/crates/dbx-core/src/agent_tools.rs
+++ b/crates/dbx-core/src/agent_tools.rs
@@ -776,8 +776,12 @@ async fn execute_explain_query(
     }
 
     // Build the database-specific EXPLAIN SQL
-    let explain_result =
-        build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions { database_type: Some(*db_type), format: None, sql: sql.to_string() });
+    let explain_result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+        database_type: Some(*db_type),
+        format: None,
+        analyze: None,
+        sql: sql.to_string(),
+    });
 
     let explain_sql = match (explain_result.ok, explain_result.sql) {
         (true, Some(sql)) => sql,
diff --git a/crates/dbx-core/src/db/postgres.rs b/crates/dbx-core/src/db/postgres.rs
index 494fd169dd..2411d47d18 100644
--- a/crates/dbx-core/src/db/postgres.rs
+++ b/crates/dbx-core/src/db/postgres.rs
@@ -3132,6 +3132,7 @@ pub(crate) enum PostgresSearchPathContext {
     Query,
     Transaction,
     LocalTransaction,
+    LocalQueryTransaction,
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn postgres_set_search_path_sql(schema: &str, context: PostgresSearchPathContext) -> String {
@@ -3141,6 +3142,7 @@ pub(crate) fn postgres_set_search_path_sql(schema: &str, context: PostgresSearch
         PostgresSearchPathContext::Query => ("", ", pg_catalog, public"),
         PostgresSearchPathContext::Transaction => ("", ", pg_catalog"),
         PostgresSearchPathContext::LocalTransaction => (" LOCAL", ", pg_catalog"),
+        PostgresSearchPathContext::LocalQueryTransaction => (" LOCAL", ", pg_catalog, public"),
     };
     // PostgreSQL otherwise searches pg_catalog before every explicit path item.
     format!("SET{scope} search_path TO {}{suffix}", pg_quote_ident(schema))
@@ -3305,6 +3307,88 @@ pub async fn execute_query_with_max_rows_and_cancel(
     .await
 }
 
+fn postgres_read_only_transaction_setup(schema: Option<&str>) -> Vec<(String, &'static str)> {
+    let mut statements = vec![("BEGIN READ ONLY".to_string(), "explain_analyze.begin")];
+    if let Some(schema) = schema.map(str::trim).filter(|schema| !schema.is_empty()) {
+        statements.push((
+            postgres_set_search_path_sql(schema, PostgresSearchPathContext::LocalQueryTransaction),
+            "explain_analyze.schema",
+        ));
+    }
+    statements
+}
+
+fn postgres_read_only_transaction_cleanup_error(error: String) -> String {
+    format!("PostgreSQL read-only transaction cleanup failed: {error}")
+}
+
+fn merge_postgres_operation_and_rollback_result<T>(
+    operation_result: Result<T, String>,
+    rollback_result: Result<(), String>,
+) -> Result<T, String> {
+    match (operation_result, rollback_result) {
+        (Ok(result), Ok(())) => Ok(result),
+        (Err(operation_error), Ok(())) => Err(operation_error),
+        (Ok(_), Err(rollback_error)) => Err(postgres_read_only_transaction_cleanup_error(rollback_error)),
+        (Err(operation_error), Err(rollback_error)) => {
+            Err(format!("{operation_error}; {}", postgres_read_only_transaction_cleanup_error(rollback_error)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+async fn run_postgres_operation_with_rollback<T, Operation, OperationFuture, Rollback, RollbackFuture>(
+    operation: Operation,
+    rollback: Rollback,
+) -> Result<T, String>
+where
+    Operation: FnOnce() -> OperationFuture,
+    OperationFuture: Future<Output = Result<T, String>>,
+    Rollback: FnOnce() -> RollbackFuture,
+    RollbackFuture: Future<Output = Result<(), String>>,
+{
+    let operation_result = operation().await;
+    let rollback_result = rollback().await;
+    merge_postgres_operation_and_rollback_result(operation_result, rollback_result)
+}
+
+pub async fn execute_query_in_read_only_transaction_with_rollback(
+    pool: &Pool,
+    schema: Option<&str>,
+    sql: &str,
+    max_rows: Option<usize>,
+    cancel_token: Option<CancellationToken>,
+    budget: DbOperationBudget,
+    cancel_context: Option<PostgresCancelContext>,
+) -> Result<QueryResult, String> {
+    let client = checkout_postgres_client(pool, cancel_token.as_ref(), budget.checkout_timeout).await?;
+    let setup = postgres_read_only_transaction_setup(schema);
+
+    run_postgres_operation_with_rollback(
+        || async {
+            for (statement, stage) in setup {
+                execute_postgres_infra_statement(&client, &statement, budget.recycle_timeout, stage).await?;
+            }
+
+            let pg_cancel_token = client.cancel_token();
+            wait_postgres_query(
+                pg_cancel_token,
+                cancel_context,
+                cancel_token,
+                budget.query_timeout,
+                budget.cancel_timeout,
+                execute_query_with_max_rows_inner(&client, sql, max_rows, false),
+            )
+            .await
+        },
+        || async {
+            execute_postgres_infra_statement(&client, "ROLLBACK", budget.cleanup_timeout, "explain_analyze.rollback")
+                .await
+                .map(|_| ())
+        },
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
 pub async fn stream_select_query_with_cancel(
     pool: &Pool,
     schema: Option<&str>,
@@ -4487,6 +4571,7 @@ pub async fn copy_in(pool: &Pool, sql: &str, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String>
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use std::cell::Cell;
     use std::process::Command;
     use std::time::Instant;
     use tokio_postgres::types::FromSql;
@@ -4578,6 +4663,65 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!Vec::<Option<serde_json::Value>>::accepts(&Type::INT4_ARRAY));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn postgres_explain_analyze_uses_read_only_transaction_local_schema() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            postgres_read_only_transaction_setup(Some("sales")),
+            vec![
+                ("BEGIN READ ONLY".to_string(), "explain_analyze.begin"),
+                ("SET LOCAL search_path TO \"sales\", pg_catalog, public".to_string(), "explain_analyze.schema"),
+            ]
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            postgres_read_only_transaction_setup(None),
+            vec![("BEGIN READ ONLY".to_string(), "explain_analyze.begin")]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn postgres_explain_analyze_rolls_back_after_success_and_query_failures() {
+        let rollback_calls = Cell::new(0);
+        let result = run_postgres_operation_with_rollback(
+            || async { Ok::<_, String>(7) },
+            || async {
+                rollback_calls.set(rollback_calls.get() + 1);
+                Ok(())
+            },
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert_eq!(result, Ok(7));
+        assert_eq!(rollback_calls.get(), 1);
+
+        for operation_error in ["query failed", crate::query::QUERY_CANCELED, "Query timed out after 30 seconds"] {
+            let rollback_calls = Cell::new(0);
+            let result = run_postgres_operation_with_rollback(
+                || async { Err::<(), _>(operation_error.to_string()) },
+                || async {
+                    rollback_calls.set(rollback_calls.get() + 1);
+                    Ok(())
+                },
+            )
+            .await;
+
+            assert_eq!(result, Err(operation_error.to_string()));
+            assert_eq!(rollback_calls.get(), 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn postgres_explain_analyze_marks_rollback_failure_as_pool_pollution() {
+        let result = run_postgres_operation_with_rollback(
+            || async { Err::<(), _>("query failed".to_string()) },
+            || async { Err("PostgreSQL explain_analyze.rollback timed out after 3 seconds".to_string()) },
+        )
+        .await;
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            result,
+            Err("query failed; PostgreSQL read-only transaction cleanup failed: PostgreSQL explain_analyze.rollback timed out after 3 seconds".to_string())
+        );
+    }
+
     fn pg_interval_bytes(microseconds: i64, days: i32, months: i32) -> [u8; 16] {
         let mut raw = [0_u8; 16];
         raw[0..8].copy_from_slice(&microseconds.to_be_bytes());
@@ -4692,6 +4836,10 @@ mod tests {
             postgres_set_search_path_sql("application", PostgresSearchPathContext::LocalTransaction),
             "SET LOCAL search_path TO \"application\", pg_catalog"
         );
+        assert_eq!(
+            postgres_set_search_path_sql("application", PostgresSearchPathContext::LocalQueryTransaction),
+            "SET LOCAL search_path TO \"application\", pg_catalog, public"
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/crates/dbx-core/src/db/sqlserver.rs b/crates/dbx-core/src/db/sqlserver.rs
index de7f89d200..dad6f01fad 100644
--- a/crates/dbx-core/src/db/sqlserver.rs
+++ b/crates/dbx-core/src/db/sqlserver.rs
@@ -2605,8 +2605,8 @@ pub async fn execute_batch_with_max_rows(
 /// Execute a SQL Server batch directly through TDS simple-query mode.
 ///
 /// This intentionally bypasses result-set type probing and SQL rewriting. It is
-/// required while `SHOWPLAN_XML` is enabled because any probe issued on the same
-/// session is itself affected by SHOWPLAN state.
+/// required while `SHOWPLAN_XML` or `STATISTICS XML` is enabled because any probe
+/// issued on the same session is itself affected by the plan-capture state.
 pub async fn execute_simple_batch_with_max_rows(
     client: &mut SqlServerClient,
     sql: &str,
@@ -2748,6 +2748,13 @@ fn requires_simple_query_batch(sql: &str) -> bool {
     if tokens.len() >= 2 && tokens[0].eq_ignore_ascii_case("SET") && tokens[1].eq_ignore_ascii_case("SHOWPLAN_XML") {
         return true;
     }
+    if tokens.len() >= 3
+        && tokens[0].eq_ignore_ascii_case("SET")
+        && tokens[1].eq_ignore_ascii_case("STATISTICS")
+        && tokens[2].eq_ignore_ascii_case("XML")
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
     if tokens.len() >= 2 && tokens[0].eq_ignore_ascii_case("CREATE") && tokens[1].eq_ignore_ascii_case("SCHEMA") {
         return true;
     }
@@ -3012,6 +3019,9 @@ mod tests {
     fn sqlserver_module_definitions_require_simple_query_batch() {
         assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;"));
         assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("SET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;"));
+        assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("SET STATISTICS XML ON;"));
+        assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("SET STATISTICS XML OFF;"));
+        assert!(!requires_simple_query_batch("SET STATISTICS IO ON;"));
         assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("CREATE SCHEMA [analytics];"));
         assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_demo() RETURNS INT AS BEGIN RETURN 1; END;"));
         assert!(requires_simple_query_batch("ALTER PROCEDURE dbo.usp_demo AS SELECT 1;"));
diff --git a/crates/dbx-core/src/query.rs b/crates/dbx-core/src/query.rs
index 61c896c699..5118c48170 100644
--- a/crates/dbx-core/src/query.rs
+++ b/crates/dbx-core/src/query.rs
@@ -540,6 +540,7 @@ pub enum QueryExecutionMode {
     #[default]
     Standard,
     Simple,
+    PostgresReadOnlyTransaction,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
@@ -564,9 +565,31 @@ pub struct QueryExecutionOptions {
     pub continue_on_error: bool,
     /// Explicit low-level execution path. `Simple` is currently used by SQL Server
     /// SHOWPLAN so the source SQL bypasses result-set probing and query rewriting.
+    /// `PostgresReadOnlyTransaction` executes on an isolated client session and
+    /// always rolls the transaction back after the result is collected.
     pub execution_mode: QueryExecutionMode,
 }
 
+fn validate_query_execution_mode(
+    db_type: Option<DatabaseType>,
+    sql: &str,
+    options: &QueryExecutionOptions,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if options.execution_mode != QueryExecutionMode::PostgresReadOnlyTransaction {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    if db_type != Some(DatabaseType::Postgres) {
+        return Err("PostgreSQL read-only transaction mode requires a PostgreSQL connection".to_string());
+    }
+    if options.client_session_id.as_deref().is_none_or(|session_id| session_id.trim().is_empty()) {
+        return Err("PostgreSQL read-only transaction mode requires an isolated client session".to_string());
+    }
+    if crate::sql::split_sql_statements_for_database(sql, DatabaseType::Postgres).len() != 1 {
+        return Err("PostgreSQL read-only transaction mode requires exactly one statement".to_string());
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 fn query_result_row_limit(max_rows: Option<usize>) -> usize {
     max_rows.unwrap_or(MAX_ROWS).max(1)
 }
@@ -701,6 +724,10 @@ fn is_schema_reset_cleanup_error(lower: &str) -> bool {
     lower.contains("schema.reset cleanup failed")
 }
 
+fn is_postgres_transaction_cleanup_error(lower: &str) -> bool {
+    lower.contains("postgresql read-only transaction cleanup failed")
+}
+
 fn should_discard_agent_pool_after_error(err: &str) -> bool {
     crate::db::agent_driver::agent_recovery_decision(err, RecoveryScope::UserOperation).discards_session()
 }
@@ -719,6 +746,7 @@ pub fn pool_error_action(db_type: Option<DatabaseType>, err: &str) -> PoolErrorA
     if db::sqlserver::is_driver_panic_error(err)
         || (is_dbx_query_timeout_error(&lower) && should_discard_pool_after_query_timeout(db_type))
         || is_schema_reset_cleanup_error(&lower)
+        || is_postgres_transaction_cleanup_error(&lower)
     {
         return PoolErrorAction::Discard;
     }
@@ -1284,9 +1312,21 @@ async fn do_execute_typed(
             let schema = schema.map(|s| s.to_string());
             let max_rows = options.max_rows;
             let prefer_text_protocol = postgres_prefers_text_protocol(pool_db_type);
+            let execution_mode = options.execution_mode;
             let cancel_context = state.get_postgres_cancel_context(pool_key).await;
             drop(connections);
-            if let Some(schema) = schema {
+            if execution_mode == QueryExecutionMode::PostgresReadOnlyTransaction {
+                db::postgres::execute_query_in_read_only_transaction_with_rollback(
+                    &p,
+                    schema.as_deref(),
+                    sql,
+                    max_rows,
+                    cancel_token,
+                    operation_budget.clone(),
+                    cancel_context,
+                )
+                .await
+            } else if let Some(schema) = schema {
                 db::postgres::execute_query_with_schema_and_max_rows_and_cancel(
                     &p,
                     &schema,
@@ -1700,6 +1740,7 @@ pub async fn execute_sql_statement_with_options_typed(
     }
 
     let db_type = connection_database_type(state, connection_id).await;
+    validate_query_execution_mode(db_type, sql, &options)?;
     let has_executable_sql = db_type.map_or_else(
         || crate::sql::has_executable_sql(sql),
         |db_type| crate::sql::has_executable_sql_for_database(sql, db_type),
@@ -2007,6 +2048,15 @@ pub async fn execute_multi_core_with_options_for_client_and_progress_typed(
         return Err(MONGO_SHELL_COMMAND_HINT.into());
     }
 
+    let db_type = connection_database_type(state, connection_id).await;
+    validate_query_execution_mode(db_type, sql, &options)?;
+    if options.execution_mode == QueryExecutionMode::PostgresReadOnlyTransaction {
+        let result =
+            execute_sql_statement_with_options(state, connection_id, database, sql, schema, cancel_token, options)
+                .await?;
+        return Ok(vec![result.into()]);
+    }
+
     let pool_key = state
         .get_or_create_pool_for_session(connection_id, pool_database, options.client_session_id.as_deref())
         .await
@@ -2050,7 +2100,6 @@ pub async fn execute_multi_core_with_options_for_client_and_progress_typed(
         );
     }
 
-    let db_type = connection_database_type(state, connection_id).await;
     let statements = db_type.map_or_else(
         || split_sql_statements(sql),
         |db_type| crate::sql::split_sql_statements_for_database(sql, db_type),
@@ -4251,6 +4300,28 @@ for line in sys.stdin:
         assert_eq!(QueryExecutionMode::default(), QueryExecutionMode::Standard);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn query_execution_mode_deserializes_postgres_read_only_transaction() {
+        let mode: QueryExecutionMode = serde_json::from_str("\"postgres_read_only_transaction\"").unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(mode, QueryExecutionMode::PostgresReadOnlyTransaction);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn postgres_read_only_transaction_requires_postgres_and_isolated_session() {
+        let mut options = QueryExecutionOptions {
+            execution_mode: QueryExecutionMode::PostgresReadOnlyTransaction,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_query_execution_mode(Some(DatabaseType::Mysql), "SELECT 1", &options).is_err());
+        assert!(validate_query_execution_mode(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), "SELECT 1", &options).is_err());
+
+        options.client_session_id = Some("tab:explain:execution".to_string());
+        assert_eq!(validate_query_execution_mode(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), "SELECT 1", &options), Ok(()));
+        assert!(validate_query_execution_mode(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), "SELECT 1; SELECT 2", &options).is_err());
+    }
+
     fn test_connection_config(db_type: DatabaseType) -> ConnectionConfig {
         ConnectionConfig {
             id: "conn-1".to_string(),
@@ -5492,6 +5563,14 @@ for line in sys.stdin:
         assert!(should_discard_pool_after_error(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), err));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn pool_error_action_discards_postgres_read_only_transaction_cleanup_without_retry() {
+        let err = "PostgreSQL read-only transaction cleanup failed: PostgreSQL explain_analyze.rollback timed out after 3 seconds";
+
+        assert_eq!(pool_error_action(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), err), PoolErrorAction::Discard);
+        assert!(should_discard_pool_after_error(Some(DatabaseType::Postgres), err));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn pool_error_action_reconnects_non_agent_errors_but_never_replays_agent_operations() {
         let err = "connection reset by peer";
diff --git a/crates/dbx-core/src/query_execution_sql.rs b/crates/dbx-core/src/query_execution_sql.rs
index ce3c41ed92..ffff8e1b88 100644
--- a/crates/dbx-core/src/query_execution_sql.rs
+++ b/crates/dbx-core/src/query_execution_sql.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ pub struct ExplainSqlOptions {
     /// Omitted formats retain the existing JSON behavior.
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub format: Option<ExplainFormat>,
+    /// PostgreSQL and SQL Server only: run the statement and report measured
+    /// rows/timings. Every other engine ignores the flag.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub analyze: Option<bool>,
     pub sql: String,
 }
 
@@ -53,11 +57,24 @@ pub fn build_explain_sql(options: ExplainSqlOptions) -> ExplainSqlBuildResult {
     if !is_safe_explain_sql(&source) {
         return explain_err("unsafe");
     }
+    if options.analyze == Some(true)
+        && options.database_type.is_some_and(|database_type| {
+            matches!(database_type, DatabaseType::Postgres | DatabaseType::SqlServer)
+                && is_write_sql_for_database(&source, database_type)
+        })
+    {
+        return explain_err("unsafe");
+    }
     if options.database_type == Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer) && crate::sql::split_sql_batches(&source).len() != 1 {
         return explain_err("unsafe");
     }
 
     let sql = match options.database_type {
+        // ANALYZE executes the statement; is_safe_explain_sql has already limited
+        // the source to SELECT/WITH/TABLE/VALUES. MongoDb shares the plain arm only.
+        Some(DatabaseType::Postgres) if options.analyze == Some(true) => {
+            format!("EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) {source}")
+        }
         Some(DatabaseType::Postgres | DatabaseType::MongoDb) => {
             format!("EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) {source}")
         }
@@ -65,6 +82,11 @@ pub fn build_explain_sql(options: ExplainSqlOptions) -> ExplainSqlBuildResult {
             format!("EXPLAIN {source}")
         }
         Some(DatabaseType::Oracle) => format!("EXPLAIN PLAN FOR {source}"),
+        // STATISTICS XML returns the same ShowPlanXML document plus per-operator
+        // runtime counters, at the price of actually running the statement.
+        Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer) if options.analyze == Some(true) => {
+            format!("SET STATISTICS XML ON;\nGO\n{source}\nGO\nSET STATISTICS XML OFF;")
+        }
         Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer) => {
             format!("SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;\nGO\n{source}\nGO\nSET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;")
         }
@@ -288,7 +310,7 @@ fn strip_leading_search_engine_comments(input: &str) -> &str {
 }
 
 fn is_write_sql_with_database_type(sql: &str, database_type: Option<DatabaseType>) -> bool {
-    if database_type == Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer) && is_sqlserver_showplan_xml_set(sql) {
+    if database_type == Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer) && is_sqlserver_plan_capture_set(sql) {
         return false;
     }
     if database_type.is_some_and(|database_type| has_dialect_specific_write(sql, database_type)) {
@@ -309,12 +331,15 @@ fn is_write_sql_with_database_type(sql: &str, database_type: Option<DatabaseType
         .any(|statement| is_write_sql_statement(statement, detect_mysql_executable_comments, detect_select_into))
 }
 
-fn is_sqlserver_showplan_xml_set(sql: &str) -> bool {
+/// The explain flows toggle plan capture with a standalone SET statement:
+/// `SHOWPLAN_XML` for the estimated plan, `STATISTICS XML` for the actual one.
+fn is_sqlserver_plan_capture_set(sql: &str) -> bool {
     let normalized = strip_sql_comments(sql)
         .split_whitespace()
         .map(|part| part.trim_end_matches(';').to_ascii_uppercase())
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-    matches!(normalized.as_slice(), [set, showplan, value] if set == "SET" && showplan == "SHOWPLAN_XML" && matches!(value.as_str(), "ON" | "OFF"))
+    let tokens = normalized.iter().map(String::as_str).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    matches!(tokens.as_slice(), ["SET", "SHOWPLAN_XML", "ON" | "OFF"] | ["SET", "STATISTICS", "XML", "ON" | "OFF"])
 }
 
 fn is_mysql_compatible_database(database_type: DatabaseType) -> bool {
@@ -765,6 +790,7 @@ mod tests {
         let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
             database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Postgres),
             format: None,
+            analyze: None,
             sql: " select * from users where id = 1; ".to_string(),
         });
 
@@ -778,11 +804,148 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn builds_postgres_analyze_explain_sql() {
+        let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+            database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Postgres),
+            format: None,
+            analyze: Some(true),
+            sql: " select * from users where id = 1; ".to_string(),
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            result,
+            ExplainSqlBuildResult {
+                ok: true,
+                sql: Some("EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, FORMAT JSON) select * from users where id = 1".to_string()),
+                reason: None,
+            }
+        );
+
+        // analyze: Some(false) must behave exactly like the omitted flag.
+        assert_eq!(
+            build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Postgres),
+                format: None,
+                analyze: Some(false),
+                sql: "SELECT 1".to_string(),
+            })
+            .sql,
+            Some("EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) SELECT 1".to_string())
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn builds_sqlserver_actual_plan_explain_sql() {
+        let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+            database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
+            format: None,
+            analyze: Some(true),
+            sql: " select * from dbo.orders where id = 1; ".to_string(),
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            result,
+            ExplainSqlBuildResult {
+                ok: true,
+                sql: Some(
+                    "SET STATISTICS XML ON;\nGO\nselect * from dbo.orders where id = 1\nGO\nSET STATISTICS XML OFF;"
+                        .to_string()
+                ),
+                reason: None,
+            }
+        );
+
+        // analyze: Some(false) must keep the estimated SHOWPLAN plan.
+        assert_eq!(
+            build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
+                format: None,
+                analyze: Some(false),
+                sql: "SELECT 1".to_string(),
+            })
+            .sql,
+            Some("SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;\nGO\nSELECT 1\nGO\nSET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;".to_string())
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn refuses_sqlserver_analyze_on_non_select_sources() {
+        // STATISTICS XML runs the statement, so the safety gate stays load-bearing.
+        for sql in [
+            "delete from dbo.orders",
+            "update dbo.orders set name = 'x'",
+            "SELECT * INTO dbo.orders_copy FROM dbo.orders",
+            "SELECT 1\nGO\nDROP TABLE dbo.orders",
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(
+                build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                    database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
+                    format: None,
+                    analyze: Some(true),
+                    sql: sql.to_string(),
+                }),
+                ExplainSqlBuildResult { ok: false, sql: None, reason: Some("unsafe".to_string()) },
+                "{sql}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ignores_analyze_for_every_engine_but_postgres_and_sqlserver() {
+        for (db_type, expected) in [
+            (DatabaseType::MongoDb, "EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) SELECT 1"),
+            (DatabaseType::Mysql, "EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON SELECT 1"),
+            (DatabaseType::Dameng, "EXPLAIN SELECT 1"),
+            (DatabaseType::Questdb, "EXPLAIN SELECT 1"),
+            (DatabaseType::Oracle, "EXPLAIN PLAN FOR SELECT 1"),
+        ] {
+            let analyzed = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                database_type: Some(db_type),
+                format: None,
+                analyze: Some(true),
+                sql: "SELECT 1".to_string(),
+            });
+            let plain = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                database_type: Some(db_type),
+                format: None,
+                analyze: None,
+                sql: "SELECT 1".to_string(),
+            });
+
+            assert_eq!(analyzed, plain, "{db_type:?} must ignore the analyze flag");
+            // MongoDb is rejected earlier by supports_explain_plan, so it never
+            // reaches the match arm it nominally shares with Postgres.
+            if db_type != DatabaseType::MongoDb {
+                assert_eq!(analyzed.sql, Some(expected.to_string()), "{db_type:?}");
+            } else {
+                assert_eq!(analyzed.reason, Some("unsupported".to_string()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn refuses_analyze_on_non_select_sources() {
+        for sql in ["delete from users", "update users set name = 'x'", "SELECT 1; DROP TABLE users"] {
+            assert_eq!(
+                build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
+                    database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Postgres),
+                    format: None,
+                    analyze: Some(true),
+                    sql: sql.to_string(),
+                }),
+                ExplainSqlBuildResult { ok: false, sql: None, reason: Some("unsafe".to_string()) },
+                "{sql}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn builds_dameng_explain_sql() {
         let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
             database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Dameng),
             format: None,
+            analyze: None,
             sql: "SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE id = 1".to_string(),
         });
 
@@ -801,6 +964,7 @@ mod tests {
         let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
             database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Oracle),
             format: None,
+            analyze: None,
             sql: "WITH rows AS (SELECT 1 AS id FROM dual) SELECT * FROM rows;".to_string(),
         });
 
@@ -819,6 +983,7 @@ mod tests {
         let result = build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
             database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
             format: None,
+            analyze: None,
             sql: "WITH rows AS (SELECT 1 AS id) SELECT * FROM rows;".to_string(),
         });
 
@@ -838,6 +1003,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
                 format: None,
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "SELECT 1\nGO\nSELECT 2".to_string(),
             }),
             ExplainSqlBuildResult { ok: false, sql: None, reason: Some("unsafe".to_string()) }
@@ -846,6 +1012,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::SqlServer),
                 format: None,
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "SELECT 'first line\nGO\nlast line' AS text".to_string(),
             })
             .ok
@@ -868,6 +1035,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Mysql),
                 format: None,
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "SELECT * FROM users;".to_string(),
             }),
             ExplainSqlBuildResult {
@@ -881,6 +1049,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Mysql),
                 format: None,
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "delete from users".to_string(),
             }),
             ExplainSqlBuildResult { ok: false, sql: None, reason: Some("unsafe".to_string()) }
@@ -890,6 +1059,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Mysql),
                 format: None,
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "SELECT * FROM users; DELETE FROM users".to_string(),
             }),
             ExplainSqlBuildResult { ok: false, sql: None, reason: Some("unsafe".to_string()) }
@@ -899,6 +1069,7 @@ mod tests {
             build_explain_sql(ExplainSqlOptions {
                 database_type: Some(DatabaseType::Mysql),
                 format: Some(ExplainFormat::Standard),
+                analyze: None,
                 sql: "SELECT * FROM users;".to_string(),
             }),
             ExplainSqlBuildResult {
@@ -1281,13 +1452,22 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn check_read_only_allows_only_sqlserver_showplan_xml_session_switches() {
-        for sql in ["SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;", "-- explain\nSET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF"] {
+    fn check_read_only_allows_only_sqlserver_plan_capture_session_switches() {
+        for sql in [
+            "SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;",
+            "-- explain\nSET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF",
+            "SET STATISTICS XML ON;",
+            "-- actual plan\nSET STATISTICS XML OFF",
+        ] {
             assert_eq!(check_read_only(sql, "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer), Ok(()));
         }
         assert!(check_read_only("SET SHOWPLAN_ALL ON", "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer).is_err());
+        assert!(check_read_only("SET STATISTICS IO ON", "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer).is_err());
         assert!(check_read_only("SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON; SELECT 1", "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer).is_err());
         assert!(check_read_only("SET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF; DROP TABLE users", "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer).is_err());
+        assert!(
+            check_read_only("SET STATISTICS XML OFF; DROP TABLE users", "readonly", DatabaseType::SqlServer).is_err()
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]